Emergent Properties of Irrigation Networks

几个世纪以来，巴厘岛人一直使用由寺庙祭司控制的灌溉系统来协调水稻种植者的用水时间表。社会科学家和发展规划人员对土著灌溉系统的有效性提出了质疑，因为它们是否能使水稻产量最大化或使失败的风险最小化。这个项目将有助于回答这个问题，并潜在地为复杂系统如何简单有效地协调提供见解。本研究将评估巴厘岛水神庙网络是自组织管理系统的假设，这是一种迄今为止未知的复杂适应系统形式。它还将测试计算机模拟模型是否可以预测寺庙网络结构的变化。先前的研究使研究者能够建立并测试水神庙在梯田生态管理中作用的预测线性模拟模型。该项目直接建立在该研究的基础上，但将注意力从单个水神庙的生态作用转移到寺庙网络可能的系统级属性上。在对五种不同河流系统的比较研究中，崎岖适应性景观的共同适应模型将使人们能够研究不同生态条件下寺庙网络的涌现特性。优化分析的结果将产生每条河流的适应性景观模型，然后将其与现有的寺庙网络进行比较。

For centuries the Balinese have used an irrigation system controlled by temple priests to coordinate the water schedules of paddy rice farmers. The effectiveness of indigenously run irrigation systems has been questioned by social scientists and development planners in terms of whether they will permit the maximization of rice yields or the minimization of risk of failure. This project will help answer this question and potentially provide insights into how complex systems are simply and effectively coordinated. The research will evaluate the hypothesis that Balinese water temple networks are self-organizing managerial systems, a hitherto unknown form of complex adaptive system. It will also test whether computer simulation models can predict variations in the structure of temple networks. Previous research has enabled the investigators to build and test a predictive linear simulation model of the role of water temples in the management of the terraced rice field ecology. This project builds directly on that research, but shifts attention from the ecological role of individual water temples to possible system-level properties of temple networks. Models of coadaptation on rugged fitness landscapes will enable one to investigate emergent properties of temple networks under varying ecological conditions in a comparative study of five different river systems. The results of optimization analyses will yield models of the adaptive landscape of each river, which will then be compared to existing temple networks.