Collaborative Research: Lidar Studies of Middle Atmosperhic Dynamics (CEDAR)

由犹他州克莱姆森大学（CU）组成的激光雷达联盟 州立大学（USU）、马里兰州大学（UMD）和 匹兹堡大学（UP）联合提出一项为期2年的研究 基于多普勒瑞利和 与其他光学测量相结合的拉曼激光雷达观测 在熊湖天文台（BLO）和测量风， 密度和温度从气球和火箭获得 航班 （三个机构提交了提案 使用相同的文本，但不同的预算; UP将支持此 通过目前的NSF资助。 CEDAR资助成为可能 在犹他州安装Nd：YAG瑞利激光雷达系统， 在UMD开发并转移到USU成为BLO的一部分 设施 可能的高度覆盖范围已经扩大 最高可达75公里， CU购买的频率稳定的Nd：YAG激光器，用于 激光雷达联盟系统 这次马里兰州激光雷达的升级 设施还包括一个额外的探测器通道，这是一个 拉曼607 nm通道，扩展了 从30公里向下到地面的温度结构。 第一 这一年的拟议努力将继续观察， 组件-高分辨率法布里-珀罗标准具和双轴 反射镜系统-测量多普勒频移所必需的 后向散射瑞利和米氏激光雷达光谱的观测 中层大气的视线风 小型雷达系统 将被添加以观察中间的视线风 气氛 将增加一个小型雷达系统， 激光发射器时，任何飞机是附近的光束。 的新的lidar 将基于拉曼位移增加传输通道（607 nm 在高压拉曼池中获得Nd激光输出。 完成后 在第二次世界大战开始时， 在授予赠款的一年，新多普勒激光雷达的应用将 收集中层大气风的垂直剖面， 10公里以上晴空部分的温度 通过使用来自米氏（微粒）散射的激光返回， 532 nm处的瑞利散射。 这些配置文件将提供 研究发生、结构、相互作用和 急流、行星波、潮汐和重力的变化 在延伸的山脉上方的中层大气中的波浪 美国落基山脉的一个地区。 斜 这些波通过中层大气的传播， 被中层大气的盛行风过滤后， 与同时观察到的动态活动有关， 中层顶区域的几个仪器在BLO。 相关 将对温度、密度和风进行观测 激光雷达与气球和火箭的结合。 A由─ PI观测结果的乘积将是气溶胶的测量值， 在高云，特别是薄云中的后向散射和消光 卷云和平流层气溶胶的探测。

A lidar consortium consisting of Clemson University (CU), Utah State University (USU), the University of Maryland (UMD), and the University of Pittsburgh (UP) jointly propose a 2-year research program on middle atmosphere dynamics based on Doppler Rayleigh and Raman lidar observations combined with other optical measurements obtained at Bear Lake Observatory (BLO) and measurements of winds, densities, and temperatures obtained from balloon and rocket flights. (Proposals have been submitted by three institutions using the same text, but different budgets; UP will support this effort through current NSF funding.) CEDAR funding made possible the installation in Utah of a Nd:YAG Rayleigh lidar system that had been developed at UMD and moved to USU to be part of the BLO facilities. The possible altitude coverage has been extended upward to 75 km with the addition of a 6 times more powerful frequency-stable Nd:YAG laser that was purchased by CU for use with the lidar Consortium system. This upgrade of the Maryland lidar facility also includes one additional detector channel, which is a Raman 607 nm channel that extends profile observations of temperature structure downward to the ground from 30 km. The first year of this proposed effort would continue observations of components - a high-resolution Fabry Perot etalon and a double-axis mirror system - that are necessary for measuring the Doppler shift of the backscattered Rayleigh and Mie lidar spectra to observe line-of-sight winds in the middle atmosphere. A small radar system will be added to observe line-of-sight winds in the middle atmosphere. A small radar system will be added to shut off the laser transmitter when any aircraft is near the beam. A new lidar transmission channel will be added (607 nm) based on Raman-shifting the Nd laser output in a high pressure Raman cell. Upon completion of these instrumental modifications at the beginning of the second year of the grant award, application of the new Doppler lidar would collect vertical profiles of middle atmosphere winds and temperature from clear-air portions of the atmosphere above 10 km by using the laser returns from Mie (particulate) scattering and Rayleigh scattering at 532 nm. These profiles will provide the basis for examining the occurrence, structure, interaction, and variability of the jet stream, planetary waves, tides, and gravity waves in the middle atmosphere above the extended mountainous region of the American Rocky Mountain chain. The oblique propagation of these waves through the middle atmosphere as filtered by the prevailing winds in the middle atmosphere will be related to the dynamic activity simultaneously observed in the mesopause region by several instruments at BLO. Correlative observations of temperature, density, and winds will be made between the lidar and a combination of balloons and rockets. A by- product of the PIs observations will be the measurement of aerosol backscatter and extinction in high clouds, particularly thin cirrus, and the detection of stratospheric aerosols.