Protohistoric Zuni Social and Political Organization

原始历史祖尼社会和政治组织

• 批准号: 9318701
• 负责人: Keith Kintigh
• 金额: $ 1.3万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-02-01 至 1998-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9318701&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Protohistoric; Zuni; Social; Political; Organization

9318701 Kintigh With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Keith Kintigh will analyze museum collections and associated documentation located in institutions in New York city, Boston and Cambridge England.. These data will be integrated with materials in hand and published in a monograph which traces changes in Zuni Native American settlement pattern and social organization between ca. 1240 and 1540 AD. In the late 19th and early 20th century major archaeological excavations were conducted at three prehistoric Zuni towns: Heshotauthla, Halona and Kechipawan. Work proceeded at a scale which would be impossible today and at all sites large areas were exposed. While extensive field notes were taken, at none of the sites were the materials fully analyzed and published and Dr. Kintigh wishes to examine these data and incorporate them into his own broad scale analysis of Zuni prehistory. The Zuni case is particularly significant because the area is one of the very few in the United States where a fertile archaeological record documents 1000 years of cultural continuity with a modern group having a strong traditional culture and rich ethnographic record. The 1240-1540 AD period marks a particularly important interval because during this time Zuni first aggregated into a few large settlements, then relocated into a larger number of planned towns and then finally established the villages which were occupied when Spanish entered the region. Thus this record allows one to trace the development of complex society and the subsequent social shifts which accompanied the change to smaller settlements. The result will contribute to understanding of the underlying processes involved in population aggregation and increasing organizational complexity. This research is important for several reasons. It will provide data of interest to many regional archaeologists. It will also shed new light on the effects of European invasion on Native American peoples. Because la te prehistoric social and political changes throughout the U.S. Southwest appear to be inter-related, a refined understanding of the Zuni situation will benefit broader archaeological inquiries. ***

9318701 Kintigh 在国家科学基金会的支持下，Keith Kintigh 博士将分析位于纽约市、波士顿和英国剑桥机构的博物馆藏品和相关文档。这些数据将与现有材料整合并出版在一本专着中，该专着追踪了祖尼美洲原住民定居模式和社会组织在大约 9318701 Kintigh 之间的变化。 公元 1240 年和 1540 年。 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初，在三个史前祖尼城镇：Heshotauthla、Halona 和 Kechipawan 进行了重大考古发掘。工程的规模在今天是不可能的，并且所有工地都有大面积的暴露。虽然进行了广泛的实地记录，但没有一个地点的材料得到充分分析和出版，金泰博士希望检查这些数据并将其纳入他自己对祖尼史前史的广泛分析中。 祖尼案尤为重要，因为该地区是美国极少数拥有丰富考古记录的地区之一，记录了 1000 年的文化连续性以及拥有强大传统文化和丰富民族志记录的现代群体。公元1240年至1540年时期是一个特别重要的时期，因为在此期间祖尼首先聚集成几个大型定居点，然后迁移到更多规划中的城镇，最后建立了西班牙人进入该地区时占领的村庄。因此，这一记录使人们能够追踪复杂社会的发展以及随后伴随着较小定居点的变化而发生的社会转变。结果将有助于理解人口聚集和增加组织复杂性所涉及的基本过程。 这项研究很重要，原因有几个。它将提供许多地区考古学家感兴趣的数据。它还将为欧洲入侵对美洲原住民的影响提供新的线索。由于整个美国西南部史前晚期的社会和政治变化似乎是相互关联的，因此对祖尼情况的深入了解将有利于更广泛的考古调查。 ***