Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Social Transformations and Regional Scales of Identity in the Cibola World: AD 1150-1325

博士论文改进补助金：Cibola 世界中的社会转型和身份的区域尺度：公元 1150-1325 年

• 批准号: 0936062
• 负责人: Keith Kintigh
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0936062&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Social

Under the direction of Dr. Keith Kintigh, Matthew Peeples will conduct archaeological analyses of pottery, architectural data, and site locations from the Zuni/Cibola region of New Mexico and Arizona. The Zuni/Cibola region is centered on the contemporary Zuni Pueblo and the Zuni Indian Reservation. This region has long been a location of relatively large agricultural communities beginning as early as 3,000 years ago. Peeples's work focuses on the period from AD 1150-AD 1325. This period saw a major transformation in the organization of communities as well as changes in the ways that people interacted across the region. In a single generation, people in the Zuni/Cibola region went from living in thousands of small, dispersed agricultural hamlets to living in about twelve large nucleated towns housing several hundred individuals. These analyses are directed at understanding how interaction and social identification among individuals and groups may have changed during this transition. Analyses include (1) chemical characterizations of pottery focused on determining where it was made, (2) studies of the techniques used to produce pottery focused on identifying people using similar methods, (3) studies of painted pottery and public architecture focused on understanding how people expressed social similarities or differences through material culture, and (4) studies of site distributions focused on documenting settlement changes. Together, these analyses will provide a dynamic characterization of social organization and interaction at a regional scale during a period of wide-spread social change. Peeples will test models based on contemporary social theories focused on social movements to explore potential similarities among major social transformations across a variety of cultural and historical contexts.This research will result in the use of well-developed body of theory new to archaeology, as well as new insights into how to address regional-scale social processes in the archaeological record. The large, well-documented regional database of settlements, ceramic source data, and material culture analyses will permit an examination of social change at scales that are seldom directly considered by archaeologists or ethnographers. Archaeological studies such as the one proposed here are uniquely suited to this objective because ethnological studies cannot typically take place at such broad scales and are limited in their temporal coverage. This study will promote participation of underrepresented groups in science by engaging members of the Pueblo of Zuni in consultation. Peeples will organize public presentations for the Zuni Tribal Council and other interested individuals at Zuni during various stages of the project. In addition, Peeples will train three undergraduate anthropology students from Arizona State University to assist in the project. This training will provide job skills for these students and will foster future collaborations. Lastly, this research addresses questions directly relevant for assessments of cultural affiliation in the United States as mandated by the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. Specifically, this research will provide an alternative means for defining affiliation that does not rely on traditional archaeological culture areas. This alternative has the potential to help in reintegrating anthropological and Native American perspectives into archaeological assessments of affiliation by specifically addressing social and cultural variation rather than masking it.

在基思金蒂博士的指导下，马修·皮普尔斯将对新墨西哥州和亚利桑那州的祖尼/西博拉地区的陶器、建筑数据和遗址位置进行考古分析。 祖尼/西博拉地区以当代的祖尼普韦布洛和祖尼印第安人保留地为中心。 这个地区早在3,000年前就已经是一个相对较大的农业社区。 Peeples的工作集中在公元1150年至公元1325年期间。 在这一时期，社区组织发生了重大转变，整个区域的人们互动方式也发生了变化。 在一代人的时间里，祖尼/西博拉地区的人们从居住在数千个分散的农业小村庄变成了居住在大约12个有数百人的大型核心城镇。 这些分析旨在了解个人和群体之间的互动和社会认同在这一转变过程中可能发生的变化。 分析包括（1）陶器的化学特征，重点是确定它是在哪里制作的，（2）用于生产陶器的技术研究，重点是使用类似方法识别人，（3）彩陶和公共建筑的研究，重点是了解人们如何通过物质文化表达社会的相似性或差异，（4）以记录聚落变化为重点的场地分布研究。 总之，这些分析将提供一个动态的社会组织和互动的特点，在一个广泛的社会变革时期在区域范围内。 Peeples将测试基于当代社会理论的模型，重点关注社会运动，以探索各种文化和历史背景下重大社会变革之间的潜在相似性。这项研究将导致使用考古学新的成熟理论体系，以及如何解决考古记录中的区域规模社会进程的新见解。 大量的、有据可查的区域性定居点数据库、陶瓷源数据和物质文化分析将允许在考古学家或民族志学家很少直接考虑的尺度上考察社会变迁。考古学研究，如这里提出的一个是唯一适合于这一目标，因为民族学研究通常不能发生在这样广泛的规模，并在其时间范围有限。 这项研究将通过让祖尼的普韦布洛人参与协商，促进代表性不足的群体参与科学。 Peeples将在项目的各个阶段为祖尼部落理事会和其他感兴趣的个人组织公开演讲。 此外，皮普尔斯还将培训三名来自亚利桑那州州立大学的人类学本科生，以协助该项目。 这项培训将为这些学生提供工作技能，并将促进未来的合作。 最后，这项研究解决了直接相关的问题，在美国的文化归属的评估，由美国原住民坟墓保护和遣返法。 具体而言，这项研究将提供一种替代手段来定义从属关系，不依赖于传统的考古文化领域。 这种替代方案有可能有助于重新整合人类学和美洲原住民的角度纳入考古评估的从属关系，具体解决社会和文化的变化，而不是掩盖它。