Fractional Quantum Hall Effect and Related Strong Correlation Physics in Advanced Heterostructures

技术摘要：在低温和强磁场条件下，研究先进GaAs/A1xGa1-xAs异质结构中分数量子霍尔效应（FQHE）及其相关的二维强相关物理。本研究有三个目标：(1)利用新型样品结构研究隧道进入FQHE液体和研究液体的沸腾；(2)研究无序在确定1/5 FQHE液体周围可重入绝缘体性质中的作用，以及控制它们之间转变的物理特性；(3)寻找双层FQHE态的类约瑟夫森电流。非技术文摘：在不同化学成分的半导体单晶薄膜结构的先进材料中实现二维电子系统已经成为可能。这些电子的物理性质与块状半导体中普通的三维载流子有根本的不同。具体来说，在高磁场的作用下，载流子凝聚成不可压缩的电子液体。有人建议进行一系列的实验，试图确定这种新液体在什么条件下沸腾，何时以及如果它冻结，它是否冻结成二维电子晶体或其他形式的电子物质。＊＊＊

9319264 Tsui Technical abstract: The fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) and related physics of strong correlations in two dimensions will be studied in advanced GaAs/A1xGa1-xAs heterostructures at low temperatures and high magnetic fields. The research has three objectives: (1) To use novel sample structures to study tunneling into the FQHE liquid and to investigate boiling of the liquid; (2) To investigate the role of disorder in determining the nature of the reentrant insulator around the 1/5 FQHE liquid and the physics governing the transition between them; and (3) To search for the Josephson-like currents in the double layer FQHE state. Non-technical abstract: It has been possible to realize two dimensional electron systems in advanced materials of semiconductor single-crystal thin film structures of different chemical compositions. The physical properties of these electrons differ fundamentally from the ordinary three-dimensional charge carriers in bulk semiconductors. Specifically, the charge carriers condense, in the presence of a high magnetic field, into an incompressible electron liquid. It is proposed to carry out a series of experiments which seek to determine under what conditions does this new liquid boil, when and if it freezes, does it freeze into a two dimensional electron crystal or some other form of electron matter. ***