CRB: An Experimental Test of Minimum Viable Population Concepts

CRB：最小可行种群概念的实验测试

• 批准号: 9322576
• 负责人: Gary Belovsky
• 金额: $ 12.5万
• 依托单位: Utah State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-05-01 至 1997-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9322576&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRB; Experimental; Test; Minimum; Viable

9322576 Belovsky In this Conservation and Restoration Biology research, the PI will examine Minimum Viable Population (MVP) concepts experimentally to evaluate quantitatively their validity and the precision of predictions from particular theoretical formulations. experimental studies will use laboratory populations of the Great Basin brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) to examine MVP processes in a hierarchical design. First, the persistence of isolated populations will be examined with only demographic stochasticity operating and then with environmental stochasticity added. Second, metapopulation dynamics will be examined: 1) using a large number of constituent populations, whose dynamics are uncorrelated, providing migrants (deterministic dynamics), (2) then using a limited number of constituent populations, whose dynamics are uncorrelated, providing migrants (stochastic dynamics), and 3) finally using autocorrelation operating between the dynamics of the constituent populations. This simple experimental system permits comparison of the observed mean persistence times and their probability distributions with predictions from MVP models in the literature. Furthermore, Artemia occurs naturally in small hypersaline springs in the Great Basin. These simple ecosystems without competitors and predators for Artemia permit extrapolation of laboratory results to a natural system. If the laboratory observations agree with the MVP model predictions and the presence/absence of Artemia in these small habitats is in agreement with laboratory predictions, the validity of existing MVP formulations would be indicated, strengthening their value for conservation management. %%% The idea that there must be a minimum number of individuals in a population to ensure its persistence for a given time period with a given probability (Minimum Viable Population, MVP) is one of the cornerstone concepts of conservation biology and a major reason for Population Viability Analysis in conservation management and policy. Existing examinations of MVP concepts have either relied on theoretical considerations or biogeographical correlations with few experimental tests. Furthermore, most of the concepts to validate MVP have been qualitative rather than quantitative. Validating MVP concepts in a quantitative fashion is critical if their use is to be justified in the contentious area of conservation management and policy, as well as in answering more basic scientific issues regarding the forces controlling biodiversity in nature. ***

9322576别洛夫斯基在这项保护和恢复生物学研究中，PI将通过实验检查最小可存活种群(MVP)概念，以定量评估其有效性和特定理论公式预测的精确度。实验研究将使用大盆地卤虾(Artemia Franciscana)的实验室种群来检查分层设计中的MVP过程。首先，在仅使用人口随机性的情况下检验孤立种群的持久性，然后添加环境随机性。其次，将考察集合种群动态：1)使用大量其动态不相关的组成种群，提供迁徙(确定性动态)；(2)然后使用其动态不相关的有限数量的组成种群，提供迁徙(随机动态)；以及3)最后使用组成种群的动态之间的自相关操作。这个简单的实验系统允许将观测到的平均持续时间及其概率分布与文献中MVP模型的预测进行比较。此外，卤虫自然出现在大盆地的小高盐泉中。这些没有竞争对手和卤虫捕食者的简单生态系统允许将实验室结果外推到自然系统。如果实验室的观察结果与MVP模型的预测一致，并且这些小生境中卤虫的存在/不存在与实验室的预测一致，那么就表明了现有MVP配方的有效性，从而加强了它们在养护管理方面的价值。种群中必须有最少的个体数量，以确保种群在给定的时间周期内以给定的概率(MVP)持续存在，这是保护生物学的基石概念之一，也是种群生存分析在保护管理和政策中的一个主要原因。现有的对MVP概念的检验要么依赖于理论考虑，要么依赖于生物地理相关性，很少有实验测试。此外，大多数用于验证MVP的概念都是定性的，而不是定量的。如果要在有争议的保护管理和政策领域以及在回答有关控制自然界生物多样性的力量的更基本的科学问题时证明MVP概念的使用是合理的，以定量的方式验证MVP概念至关重要。***