Regional Organization of Chiefdoms in the Alto Magdalena, Colombia

小行星9412141 在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，罗伯特·德伦南博士和他的同事将在哥伦比亚的上马格达莱纳地区进行四季的考古勘察和挖掘。这个地区长期以来一直吸引着考古学家的注意，因为它引人注目的石头雕像和精心制作的土丘。Drennan博士在以前的NSF支持下，记录了上马格达莱纳一部分的前西班牙居民的区域社会，政治和经济组织的各个方面。研究结果表明，大约从公元1年开始，出现了小规模的地区酋长。Drennan博士现在将扩大他的工作范围，包括大部分的Alto Magdalena。他将与他的同事一起，首先进行一次大规模的区域调查。根据调查结果，将对几个地点进行更详细的检查，并进行有选择的挖掘。 考古学家观察到，在世界上许多地方，简单的农业社会转变为更复杂的实体，其中包括大量的人，并表现出明确的社会分层。在早期阶段，这些实体被称为“酋长”，考古学家希望了解导致他们崛起的过程。在这方面，上马格达莱纳地区是不寻常的，因为在出现地位差异时，个人财富并没有出现很大的差异。通常情况恰恰相反。Drennan博士和他的同事们希望通过他在区域覆盖范围的扩大，更详细地了解这一过程。 这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。它将为许多考古学家提供感兴趣的数据。它将为复杂社会的出现提供新的启示，并有助于培养研究生。

9412141 Drennan With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Robert Drennan and his colleagues will conduct four seasons of archaeological reconnaissance and excavation in the Alto Magdalena region of Colombia. This area has long attracted the attention of archaeologists because of its striking stone statuary and elaborate burial mounds. With previous NSF support, Dr. Drennan has documented aspects of the regional social, political and economic organization of the prehispanic inhabitants of one part of the Alto Magdalena. The results indicate the emergence of small scale regional chiefdoms beginning about 1 A.D. Dr. Drennan will now expand his work to include a larger portion of the Alto Magdalena. In conjunction with his colleagues, he will first conduct a broad scale regional survey. On the basis of the results, several localities will be examined in more detail and select excavations will be carried out. Archaeologists have observed that in many parts of the world simple agricultural societies were transformed into more complex entities which incorporated large numbers of people and exhibited clear cut social stratification. In the earlier stages such entities are termed "chiefdoms" and archaeologists wish to understand the processes which led to their rise. The Alto Magdalena region is unusual in this regard because it appears that status differentiation, when it emerged, was not accompanied by great variations in individual wealth. Usually the opposite is true. Through his expansion in areal coverage Dr. Drennan and his colleagues wish to understand the process in more detail. This research is important for several reasons. It will provide data of interest to many archaeologists. It will shed new light on the emergence of complex societies and assist in the training of graduate students.