Cloud Condensation Nuclei in the Small Cumulus Microphysical Study

小积云微物理研究中的云凝结核

• 批准号: 9422170
• 负责人: James Hudson
• 金额: $ 28.63万
• 依托单位: Nevada System of Higher Education, Desert Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-10-15 至 2000-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9422170&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cloud; Condensation; Nuclei; Small; Cumulus

Hudson/Abstract Two research aircraft will be coordinated with the CP-2 dual wavelength radar, which will direct the aircraft to clouds with developing coalescence and will provide a time history of cloud outline and liquid water content. Detailed cloud droplet and drop spectra measurements from the two aircraft will trace the development of coalescence. The two DRI instantaneous CCN (cloud condensation nuclei) spectrometers with calibration equipment will be mounted on the NCAR C-130. At times these two instruments will redundantly monitor the ambient aerosol but for most of the time one spectrometer will monitor the counterflow virtual impactor (CVI) in order to determine the spectrum of nuclei within cloud droplets. This will help ascertain the effect of entrainment on the cloud droplet spectrum and will help differentiate homogeneous, inhomogeneous, and entity mixing processes. Comparisons of the CCN spectra and the spectra of updraft velocities will determine the influence of the aerosol on droplet spectra. This basic cloud forming experiment with comparisons of model predictions of droplet spectra with observations of droplet spectra will yield a better definition of CCN--the important critical supersaturations (Sc). Detailed comparisons of drop (50 Mm) and droplet (50 Mm) spectra will determine the influence of each on the other. The fact that these measurements can be made in time sequence before and after coalescence (before and after the existence of drops) allows cause and effect to be separated with respect to droplet and drop spectra. After coalescence has taken effect the CCN spectra will be affected. SCMS will yield the opportunity to follow in time sequence so that the aerosol can be traced before and after coalescence scavenging has occurred.

两架研究飞机将与CP-2双波长雷达协同工作，该雷达将引导飞机前往正在形成聚并的云层，并将提供云轮廓和液态水含量的时间历史。从两架飞机上进行的详细的云滴和云滴光谱测量将追踪合并的发展。两个DRI瞬时CCN（云凝结核）光谱仪和校准设备将安装在NCAR C-130上。有时，这两台仪器将冗余地监测周围的气溶胶，但在大多数时间，一台光谱仪将监测逆流虚拟撞击器（CVI），以确定云滴内原子核的光谱。这将有助于确定夹带对云滴光谱的影响，并有助于区分均匀、非均匀和实体混合过程。CCN谱和上升气流速度谱的比较将确定气溶胶对液滴谱的影响。这个基本的云形成实验将液滴光谱的模型预测与液滴光谱的观测结果进行比较，将更好地定义CCN——重要的临界过饱和度（Sc）。液滴（50毫米）和液滴（50毫米）光谱的详细比较将确定各自对彼此的影响。这些测量可以在聚结前后（液滴存在之前和之后）按时间顺序进行，这一事实允许根据液滴和液滴光谱区分因果关系。聚结作用发生后，会对CCN光谱产生影响。SCMS将有机会按照时间顺序进行跟踪，以便在聚结清除发生之前和之后跟踪气溶胶。