Religious Movements in Algeria and Jordan

阿尔及利亚和约旦的宗教运动

• 批准号: 9601439
• 负责人: Mansoor Moaddel
• 金额: $ 6.18万
• 依托单位: Eastern Michigan University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-01 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9601439&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Religious; Movements; Algeria; Jordan

This is a study of religious movements in Algeria and Jordan. These countries are additional cases to the list of countries included in an earlier comparative project (SES- 9213209) on "Episode and Discourse: Islamic Modernism, Liberal-Nationalism, and Fundamentalism in the Contemporary Middle East." This larger project is a study of: (i) the determinants of ideological production; (ii) the connection between macro social change and the rise or decline of ideological movements; (iii) the specific manner in which ideology is produced, its themes are formulated, and its social and political orientations take shape; (iv) the factors explaining variations in the success and level of institutionalization of ideological movements; and (v) the relationship between ideology and interest. These theoretical issues are addressed in the analysis of: (i) the rise of Islamic modernist movements in India, Egypt, and Iran in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; (ii) the rise of liberal-nationalism in Egypt, Iran, and Syria in the 1920s to l950s; and (iii) the rise of Islamic fundamentalism in Egypt, Iran, Pakistan, and Syria in the post 1950s. Drawing from John Stuart Mill's methods of experimental inquiry, the comparative logic employed in this project required the addition of Algeria and Jordan to fully assess the explanatory power of the project's causal model and to partial out the confounding effects of other factors: (i) To what extent does Shi'i institutional development explain the strength of fundamentalism in Iran? (ii) To what extent do Western cultural infiltration and the ruling elite's close ties with the West explain the rise of Islamic fundamentalism? Analyses of ideological movements in Algeria and Jordan are important in their own right, because these nations are influential in the Islamic world, having noticeable impacts on world politics. Revolution in Algeria has inspired many revolutionary movements in the region. Algeria is currently experiencing an upsurge of a strong fundamentalist movement on a par with Iranian fundamentalism. Jordan is a secular state which has not faced a serious challenge from the fundamentalist groups and is developing democratic institutions and pluralist politics. From the study of each of these countries one can therefore draw critical lessons that have both scientific merit and practical significance for peace.

这是对阿尔及利亚和约旦宗教运动的研究。这些国家是“情节与话语：伊斯兰现代主义，自由民族主义和当代中东的原教旨主义”中较早的比较项目（SES-9213209）中包含的国家列表的其他案例。 这个较大的项目是：（i）意识形态生产的决定因素； （ii）宏观社会变革与意识形态运动的兴起或衰落之间的联系； （iii）产生意识形态的特定方式，其主题是制定的，其社会和政治取向的形成； （iv）解释意识形态运动成功和制度化水平的变化的因素； （v）意识形态与兴趣之间的关系。 这些理论问题在：（i）19世纪和20世纪初的印度，埃及和伊朗的伊斯兰现代运动的兴起； （ii）1920年代至1950年代，埃及，伊朗和叙利亚的自由民族主义的兴起； （iii）1950年代后，伊斯兰原教旨主义在埃及，伊朗，巴基斯坦和叙利亚的兴起。 从约翰·斯图尔特·米尔（John Stuart Mill）的实验询问方法中绘制的，该项目中采用的比较逻辑要求添加阿尔及利亚和约旦充分评估该项目因果模型的解释性力量，并以其他因素的混淆影响：（i）Shi'i机构发展在多大程度上解释了伊朗的基本态度的力量？ （ii）西方文化的渗透在多大程度上以及统治精英与西方的紧密联系解释了伊斯兰原教旨主义的兴起？ 对阿尔及利亚和约旦意识形态运动的分析本身就是重要的，因为这些国家对伊斯兰世界具有影响力，对世界政治产生了明显的影响。 阿尔及利亚的革命激发了该地区的许多革命运动。目前，阿尔及利亚正在与伊朗原教旨主义相提并论的强劲原教旨主义运动。 约旦是一个世俗国家，没有面临原教旨主义团体的严重挑战，正在发展民主制度和多元主义政治。 因此，从对这些国家的每个国家的研究中，都可以汲取对和平具有科学优点和实际意义的关键课程。