Intracellular Sorting and Translocation of Proteins into Plant Peroxisomes

蛋白质的细胞内分选和易位到植物过氧化物酶体中

• 批准号: 9604501
• 负责人: Richard Trelease
• 金额: $ 4.73万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-05-01 至 1998-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9604501&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Intracellular; Sorting; Translocation; Proteins; into

9604501 Trelease Technical Compartmentation of metabolic pathways within cellular organelles is a major aspect of the regulatory mechanisms that operate within eukaryotic cells. Proper intracellular sorting and translocation of proteins into the correct organelle are essential components of subcellular compartmentation. Peroxisomes conduct a diverse array of metabolic functions which depend on the cell or tissue type in which they reside. The overall goal of the research is to experimentally define the means by which glyoxysomes (a specialized type of peroxisome) in plant cells acquire proteins from their site of synthesis in the cytosol. Experiments will be done with the well-characterized in-vivo protein import system, namely suspension-cultured tobacco BY-2 cells. Objective 1 will be to determine the C-terminal positioning and variation of amino acid residues which are sufficient for proper sorting of chimepic proteins to BY-2 glyoxysomes via the PTS1 pathway. Objective 2 will be to elucidate the positioning and variation of amino acid residues within a N-terminal nanopeptide which sorts proteins to glyoxysomes via the PTS2 pathway. In concert with these objectives, studies will be initiated to identify and characterize putative membrane proteins involved in translocation of proteins through the boundary membrane of plant glyoxysomes. Non-technical Plant cells contain an intracellular organelle termed peroxisome that functions in the metabolism of sugars and fatty acids. How the peroxisome is assembled has been a major controversy in cell biology. The mechanism of how proteins are directed to various subcellular compartments is through targeting sequences that are an intrinsic part of the protein. Dr. Trelease will conduct research to determine the exact sequences necessary to target proteins to be incorporated into peroxisomes. ***

细胞器内代谢途径的技术区隔是真核细胞内调控机制的一个主要方面。适当的细胞内分选和蛋白质转运到正确的细胞器是亚细胞区隔的重要组成部分。过氧化物酶体根据其所在的细胞或组织类型进行多种代谢功能。本研究的总体目标是通过实验确定植物细胞中的glyoxysome（一种特殊类型的过氧化物酶体）从细胞质中合成位点获得蛋白质的方法。实验将采用具有良好特征的体内蛋白导入系统，即悬浮培养的烟草BY-2细胞。目的1将确定c端定位和氨基酸残基的变化，这些残基足以通过PTS1途径将嵌合蛋白正确分选到BY-2 glyoxysomes。目的2将阐明n端纳米肽中氨基酸残基的定位和变化，该纳米肽通过PTS2途径将蛋白质分类到glyoxysomes。与这些目标相一致，研究将开始鉴定和表征通过植物glyoxysomes的边界膜参与蛋白质易位的假定膜蛋白。非技术植物细胞含有一种称为过氧化物酶体的胞内细胞器，它在糖和脂肪酸的代谢中起作用。过氧化物酶体如何组装一直是细胞生物学中的一个主要争议。蛋白质如何定向到各种亚细胞区室的机制是通过靶向序列，这是蛋白质的固有部分。特里斯博士将进行研究，以确定将目标蛋白质纳入过氧化物酶体所需的确切序列。＊＊＊