Arabidopsis 2010: Plant Peroxisomal Biogenesis: Sorting/Function of Membrane Proteins and Peroxins

题目：“拟南芥2010：植物过氧化物酶体生物发生-膜蛋白和过氧化物酶的分选/功能”。过氧化物酶体是一种普遍存在的亚细胞器，具有多种酶和其他蛋白质含量，这些酶和蛋白质含量随发育阶段和环境因素而变化。本项目的总体目标是鉴定拟南芥中参与过氧化物酶体生物发生和功能的过氧化物酶体膜蛋白（PMPs）编码基因，并确定基因产物的具体功能。“过氧化物酶”基因编码一组蛋白质（过氧化物酶），其特异性参与过氧化物酶体生物发生（细胞器复制和分化）。大多数过氧化物是PMP。到目前为止，已经确定了23个真核过氧化物酶基因的15个拟南芥直向同源物，但这15个直向同源物中只有4个的功能已经确定。公众可在以下网址查阅这一资料：（A HREF=”http://lsweb.la.asu.edu/rtrelease“http：//lsweb.la.asu.edu/rtreleaseq/A）。这些PMP的功能将通过多管齐下的方法通过实验确定，即，阐明了它们在野生型和突变植物悬浮细胞中的亚细胞定位、细胞内分选途径和分子分选信号，以及通过RNA与微阵列上越来越多的可用EST的相互作用在发育上。此外，将检查可用T-DNA敲除获得的表型和功能互补结果。实验结果将由参加地方和国家会议的学生和博士后提交，并将在参考期刊文章中发表。这项研究有望阐明至少10个与拟南芥过氧化物酶体的生物发生和功能相关的基因的功能;这与2010年项目的目标一致。由于过氧化物酶体突变在人类中是致命的，并且过氧化物酶体对于油籽和其他作物植物的幼苗建立和光自养生长是必不可少的，因此获得的关于拟南芥过氧化物酶体基因功能的知识可以并且很可能将被应用于农业重要作物植物的生物技术改进，并且可能加速人类婴儿中过氧化物酶体生物遗传疾病的治疗解决。

Title: "Arabidopsis 2010: Plant Peroxisomal Biogenesis - Sorting/Function of Membrane Proteins and Peroxins". Peroxisomes are ubiquitous subcellular organelles that possess a diverse array of enzymes and other protein contents that vary with developmental stage, and in response to environmental cues. The overall goal of this project is to identify Arabidopsis genes coding for peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs) involved in the biogenesis and functioning of peroxisomes, and then determine the specific function of the gene products. "Peroxin" genes code for a set of proteins (peroxins) that participate specifically in peroxisomal biogenesis (organelle replication and differentiation). Most peroxins are PMPs. To date, 15 Arabidopsis orthologs of 23 eukaryotic peroxin genes have been identified, but a function has been determined for only 4 of these 15 orthologs. Public access to this information will be available at (A HREF="http://lsweb.la.asu.edu/rtrelease"http://lsweb.la.asu.edu/rtreleaseq/A). The function(s) of these PMPs will be determined experimentally through a multi-pronged approach, i.e., elucidation of their subcellular localization, intracellular sorting pathways, and molecular sorting signals in suspension cells from wild type and mutant plants, and developmentally through interactions of RNAs with increasingly available ESTs on microarrays. Also, phenotypic and functional complementation results obtained with available T-DNA knockouts will be examined. Experimental results will be presented by students and postdoctoral persons attending local and national meetings, and will be published in refereed journal articles. The research is expected to elucidate the function of at least 10 genes related to the biogenesis and functioning of peroxisomes in Arabidopsis; this is consistent with the Objectives of the 2010 Project. Since peroxisomal mutations are lethal in humans, and peroxisomes are essential for seedling establishment and photo-autotrophic growth of oilseed and other crop plants, the knowledge obtained for functions of Arabidopsis peroxisomal genes can and very likely will be applied to biotechnological improvements of agriculturally-important crop plants, and to possibly speed therapeutic resolution of peroxisomal biogenetic diseases in human infants.