Collaborative Research: Integration of Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry, Continuous GPS and GPS Meteorology for Crustal Deformation and Earthquake Monitoring

小行星9619201 该奖项支持旨在整合两种技术的研究，这两种技术已被证明对监测地壳运动有用。全球定位系统（GPS）目前能够测量基线（地球上两个GPS接收器位置点之间的距离），精度在毫米范围内，距离为数百公里。 干涉合成孔径雷达（干涉合成孔径雷达）无法提供可比的精确度，但其优点是能够测量地壳在一个连续区域的相对运动（相对于地表上有限数量的离散点）。 将这两种方法结合起来，将大大提高理解与地震有关的运动（震前、同震和震后）、火山活动、板块构造运动、地下水运动以及其他局部和区域地壳应变过程等现象的能力。这项研究是由圣地亚哥加州大学的地球科学家合作进行的， 斯坦福大学和夏威夷大学。合作者的方法将是：（1）通过在选定的全球定位系统接收器地点部署雷达反射器或转发器，从而确定这些点的精确位置，作为干涉合成孔径雷达干涉测量的锚点，减少干涉合成孔径雷达的所谓轨道或基线误差，（2）利用气象模式和卫星资料，减小大气中水汽对GPS定位的影响。 ***

9619201 Bock This award supports research aimed at an integration of two technologies which have proven useful for monitoring motion of the Earth's crust. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is currently capable of measuring baselines (the distance between two GPS receiver location points on Earth) with a precision in the millimeter range at distances of hundreds of kilometers. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (INSAR) cannot offer a comparable level of precision, but has the advantage of being able to measure relative motion of the crust over a continuous area (as opposed to a limited number of discrete points on the surface). Combining the two approaches will provide greatly enhanced capabilities for understanding such phenomena as earthquake related motion (pre-, syn-, and post-seismic), volcanic activity, plate tectonic motions, groundwater movement, and other local and regional crustal strain processes. The research is a collaboration among geoscientists at the University of California, San Diego, Stanford University and the University of Hawaii. The approach by the collaborators will be: (1) to reduce the so-called orbital or baseline error of INSAR by deploying radar reflectors or transponders at selected GPS receiver sites and thereby pin down the precise locations of those points to serve as anchors for the INSAR interferometry, and (2) use meteorogical models and satellite data to reduce the error in GPS locations due to the effect of water vapor in the atmosphere. ***