CAREER: Mechanically-Induced Dysfunction: From the Cell to the Organ

职业：机械性功能障碍：从细胞到器官

• 批准号: 9702088
• 负责人: Susan Margulies
• 金额: $ 19.97万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-08-15 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9702088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Mechanically; Induced; Dysfunction; Cell

9702088 Margulies The primary objective of this integrated research and educational plan is to develop research and educational programs that span the interdisciplinary chasm between the level of the cell and the organ, with an emphasis on the effects of applied physical forces on function and structure. The research plan is a first step towards the long-term goals of understanding the deformations of the epithelial lining of the lung in vivo, and determining the effects of these deformations on the lung's adverse effects. Barotrauma, or the presence of extra-alveolar air after rupture of over-distended alveoli, is the consequence of a sustained mechanical ventilation with large tidal volumes. The overall hypothesis is that the alveolar epithelial lining of the lung is vulnerable to injury from large static and dynamic deformations during mechanical ventilation. The research plan relates mechanical deformation to disruption of the epithelial surfactant-producing and barrier properties of the lung using in vitro cell culture studies, mathematical models, and in vivo experimental studies. The long-term goal of the educational component of the career development plan is to create Bioengineering graduate courses that integrate fundamental engineering theories with biomedical applications. Three courses will be developed: 1) a course in integrated cardiothoracic physiology that brings together basic knowledge and recent research findings from the molecular, cellular and organ levels to correlate cellular and molecular mechanisms with macroscopic functional responses; 2) a course in viscoelastic tissue behavior and large strain measurement techniques and analysis; and 3) experimental design and analysis, and scientific responsibility. The dual mission of the integrated research and educational career development plan is to meet the growing need for research and educational opportunities that cut across disciplines to answer fundamental scientific questions. ***

9702088 Margulies这个综合研究和教育计划的主要目标是开发跨越细胞和器官水平之间的跨学科鸿沟的研究和教育计划，重点是应用物理力对功能和结构的影响。 该研究计划是实现长期目标的第一步，即了解体内肺上皮衬里的变形，并确定这些变形对肺不良反应的影响。 气压伤，或过度膨胀的肺泡破裂后肺泡外空气的存在，是大潮气量持续机械通气的结果。 总的假设是，肺泡上皮细胞衬里的肺是容易受到伤害，从大的静态和动态变形期间机械通气。 该研究计划涉及机械变形破坏上皮表面活性剂生产和屏障性能的肺使用体外细胞培养研究，数学模型，和体内实验研究。 职业发展计划教育部分的长期目标是创建生物工程研究生课程，将基础工程理论与生物医学应用相结合。 将开设三门课程：1）综合心胸生理学课程，汇集分子、细胞和器官水平的基础知识和最新研究成果，将细胞和分子机制与宏观功能反应联系起来; 2）粘弹性组织行为和大应变测量技术和分析课程;（3）实验设计与分析，科学责任。 综合研究和教育职业发展计划的双重使命是满足日益增长的跨学科研究和教育机会的需求，以回答基本的科学问题。 ***