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Theories of the Welfare State and the Formative Years of U.S. Social Policy

福利国家理论和美国社会政策的形成时期

基本信息

批准号：
9709618
负责人：
Edwin Amenta
金额：
$ 16.29万
依托单位：
New York University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1997-09-01 至 2000-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9709618&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Theories Welfare State Formative Years

项目摘要

This is a study of the development of social policy in the United States. It will focus on the formative years of modern, national social policy, in the 1930s and 1940s, when the Social Security Act and related legislation and programs were enacted, and it will analyze the determinants of social policy during this period. The analyses will be based on three theoretical models that are prominent in the cross-national literature on social policy: social and economic, state-centered or institutional, and political theories. A synthesis of some political and institutional theories, the institutional politics theory, holds that institutional circumstances set boundaries to politics which constrains the effectiveness of political actors. To appraise these theoretical models, a number of comparative and quantitative strategies will be employed. Several episodes of social policy-making at the national level will be compared across the two decades. Other comparisons will examine the varying fates of social programs, votes at the national level for social spending, and state-level social policy outcomes. Among the analyses will be pooled cross-sections and time-series from 1936 through 1950. In addition, qualitative comparative analyses will be employed to test the combinational or interactional claims of the institutional politics theory. Finally, four carefully chosen cases will be examined across the entire period. This study will not only increase our substantive understanding of the social policies and programs that have endured as the legacy of this period, but it will test general theories of how social policy is developed that will also apply to current debates. This knowledge will improve the scientific basis for making the correct social policy decisions in future.

这是对美国社会政策发展的研究。它将集中在现代国家社会政策的形成时期，在20世纪30年代和40年代，当社会保障法和相关立法和计划颁布时，它将分析这一时期社会政策的决定因素。分析将基于三个理论模型，这是突出的跨国文献中的社会政策：社会和经济，国家为中心的或制度，和政治理论。制度政治理论综合了一些政治和制度理论，认为制度环境为政治设置了边界，限制了政治行为者的有效性。为了评价这些理论模型，将采用一些比较和定量的策略。将对这二十年来国家一级社会决策的若干阶段进行比较。其他比较将考察社会项目的不同命运，国家一级社会支出的投票，以及州一级社会政策的结果。在这些分析中，将汇集1936年至1950年的横截面和时间序列。此外，本研究亦将采用质性的比较分析，以验证制度政治理论的组合主张或互异主张。最后，将在整个期间审查四个精心挑选的案例。这项研究不仅将增加我们对这一时期遗留下来的社会政策和计划的实质性理解，而且将测试社会政策如何发展的一般理论，这些理论也适用于当前的辩论。这些知识将为今后作出正确的社会政策决定提供更好的科学依据。