The evolutionary shift from aqueous to airborne olfaction: intermediate and novel properties in an amphibian, transitional species

从水嗅觉到空气嗅觉的进化转变：两栖动物过渡物种的中间和新特征

• 批准号: 122735975
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Sigrun Korsching
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Tierphysiologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/122735975?language=en
• 关键词: evolutionary; shift; aqueous; airborne; olfaction

The vertebrate olfactory sense consists of several subsystems, which are anatomically separated in mammals. These subsystems traditionally were assumed to mediate segregated functions: the main olfactory epithelium containing ciliated olfactory receptor neurons was supposed to mediate food detection, whereas the vomeronasal organ containing two classes of microvillous receptor neurons was believed to mediate pheromone detection (note that the current picture is more complex). In fishes the corresponding cell types and homologous olfactory receptor families are present, however all are intermingled in a single olfactory epithelium. Fish olfactory receptor repertoires show marked similarities, but also distinctly different properties compared to their mammalian homologs. Large differences in function are expected and have been partially demonstrated. So far it is completely unclear, how the shift in organization and function of the olfactory system occurred. Amphibians represent an evolutionary intermediary between fishes and mammalian species with respect to life style (partially aquatic), anatomical specialisation (separate vomeronasal organ), and evolution of olfactory receptor gene families. We will combine advanced physiological and molecular biological approaches to deorphanize olfactory receptor neurons and olfactory receptor genes in the clawed frog, Xenopus lavis.

脊椎动物的嗅觉由几个子系统组成，这些子系统在哺乳动物中解剖学上是分离的。这些子系统传统上被认为是介导隔离功能：主要的嗅觉上皮细胞含有纤毛嗅觉受体神经元应该介导食物检测，而犁鼻器含有两类微绒毛受体神经元被认为是介导信息素检测（注意，目前的图片是更复杂）。在鱼类中，存在相应的细胞类型和同源嗅觉受体家族，然而所有这些都混合在单个嗅觉上皮中。鱼类嗅觉受体库显示出显着的相似性，但也明显不同的性质相比，其哺乳动物同源物。预期功能存在较大差异，并已部分得到证实。到目前为止，还完全不清楚嗅觉系统的组织和功能是如何发生变化的。两栖动物代表了鱼类和哺乳动物物种之间的进化中介，包括生活方式（部分水生）、解剖学特化（分离的犁鼻器）和嗅觉受体基因家族的进化。我们将联合收割机结合先进的生理学和分子生物学方法对爪蟾嗅觉受体神经元和嗅觉受体基因进行去神经化。

项目成果

Trpc2 is expressed in two olfactory subsystems, the main and the vomeronasal system of larval Xenopus laevis

• DOI: 10.1242/jeb.103465
• 发表时间: 2014-07-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Sansone, Alfredo;Syed, Adnan S.;Manzini, Ivan
• 通讯作者: Manzini, Ivan

Ancestral amphibian v2rs are expressed in the main olfactory epithelium

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1302088110
• 发表时间: 2013-05-07
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Syed, Adnan S.;Sansone, Alfredo;Korsching, Sigrun I.
• 通讯作者: Korsching, Sigrun I.

Amino Acid- vs. Peptide-Odorants: Responses of Individual Olfactory Receptor Neurons in an Aquatic Species

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053097
• 发表时间: 2012-12-27
• 期刊: PLOS ONE
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Hassenkloever, Thomas;Pallesen, Lars P.;Manzini, Ivan
• 通讯作者: Manzini, Ivan

Dual processing of sulfated steroids in the olfactory system of an anuran amphibian

无尾两栖动物嗅觉系统中硫酸化类固醇的双重加工

• DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00373
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: Sansone AT;Hassenklöver T;Offner XFu;Holy TE;Manzini I
• 通讯作者: Manzini I

Olfactory Wiring Logic in Amphibians Challenges the Basic Assumptions of the Unbranched Axon Concept

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2755-13.2013
• 发表时间: 2013-10-30
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: Hassenkloever, Thomas;Manzini, Ivan
• 通讯作者: Manzini, Ivan