GOALI: "Dynamically Responsive Polymeric Additives for Process Improvements an Environmental Compability"

目标：“用于工艺改进和环境兼容性的动态响应聚合物添加剂”

• 批准号: 9817048
• 负责人: Maria Santore
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Lehigh University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-01-01 至 2002-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9817048&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; Dynamically; Responsive; Polymeric; Additives

ABSTRACT CTS-9817048 Santore, Maria/Lehigh U. This program targets the generation of rules for the custom design of polymeric additives that will bring several industrial sectors closer to environmental compatibility: coatings formulation (replacement of organic formulations with aqueous ones), waste water treatment (flocculants effective for aggressively aerated low solids sludges), paper making (increased white water recycle and lower waste stream volume), aqueous lubrication, and oil recovery (biodegradable additives compatible with sandstone formations). In these instances environmental compatibilization depends on a fundamental understanding of the transient dynamic aspects of polymer adsorption and colloidal phenomena. In particular, the program targets the questions of how specific polymer chemistry and architecture determine (1) adsorption rates and (2) interfacial relaxations. The program then addresses (3) how adsorbed layers in different stages of relaxation mediate colloidal interactions and cause stabilization or flocculation. The outcome from this program, in addition to design rules that allow one to tailor molecules that are dynamically responsive to the timescales of particular processes, includes information about transient colloidal potentials that will facilitate process-specific flocculation and stabilization models. The core scientific program at Lehigh is supplemented with liaison projects involving 4 companies, coop programs, and 5th year masters programs, for the most effective technology transfer to bring the fundamentals to the specific industrial situations. An experimental program employing model narrow molecular standard water soluble polymers (polyethylene oxide and pullulan - based) and substrates of controlled chemistry (through the deposition of self assembled monolayers) will allow systematic variations in the relevant chemical and architectural parameters in studies of adsorption, interfacial relaxation, and the evolution interfacial colloidal for ces. Use of these model systems is critical to the development of theory for dynamic behavior. The issues of adsorption, relaxation, and colloidal forces will be probed through a unique combination of techniques. Polymer adsorption and relaxation kinetics will be measured with a synergistic combination of total internal reflectance fluorescence (TIRF) and near-Brewster reflectivity, developed in the PI's lab under prior NSF support. Together the two methods measure the evolving surface mass, the evolving layer thickness and density, and the kinetic behavior of fluorescently-tagged interfacial populations. Interfacial relaxations will be further probed through self exchange studies using TIRF. These studies will establish the evolutionary timescales of the layers and provide some idea of which layer features evolve. Models developed under a Research Initiation Award will be modified to give quantitative explanation of the observed dynamics. The next phase of work relates this evolving layer structure to colloidal behavior. Dynamic measurements of colloidal forces will be measured using 'MASIF," similar to the surface forces apparatus, but designed for dynamic data acquisition. Finally impinging jet colloidal deposition studies will be employed to measure how interfacial relaxations and pairwise colloidal force measurements translate to flocculation or stabilization in situations of strong shear and hydrodynamic collision forces. The sticking ability, as a function of the transient interfacial state and hydrodynamic conditions can be used in existing flocculation models to make them more process-specific for wastewater, paper, coatings, and oil recovery applications.

摘要CTS-9817048 Santore，Maria/Lehigh U. 该计划的目标是为聚合物添加剂的定制设计制定规则，这将使几个工业部门更接近环境兼容性：涂料制剂（用水性制剂替代有机制剂）、废水处理（絮凝剂对积极曝气的低固体污泥有效），造纸（增加的白色水再循环和较低的废物流体积）、水性润滑和油回收（与砂岩地层相容的可生物降解的添加剂）。 在这些情况下，环境相容性取决于对聚合物吸附和胶体现象的瞬时动态方面的基本理解。 特别是，该计划的目标是特定的聚合物化学和结构如何确定（1）吸附速率和（2）界面松弛的问题。 该程序然后地址（3）如何吸附层在不同阶段的松弛介导胶体相互作用，并导致稳定或絮凝。 从这个程序的结果，除了设计规则，允许一个定制的分子是动态响应特定过程的时间尺度，包括信息的瞬态胶体电位，这将有助于特定的过程絮凝和稳定模型。 Lehigh的核心科学计划补充了涉及4家公司的联络项目，合作计划和第五年硕士课程，以最有效的技术转让，将基本面带到特定的工业情况。 采用模型窄分子标准水溶性聚合物（基于聚环氧乙烷和支链淀粉）和受控化学基质（通过自组装单分子层的沉积）的实验程序将允许在吸附、界面松弛和界面胶体形成的演变的研究中相关化学和结构参数的系统变化。 这些模型系统的使用对于动态行为理论的发展是至关重要的。 吸附，松弛和胶体力的问题将通过一个独特的技术组合进行探讨。 聚合物吸附和弛豫动力学将与全内反射荧光（TIRF）和近布鲁斯特反射率的协同组合进行测量，该组合是在先前NSF支持下在PI实验室开发的。 这两种方法一起测量不断变化的表面质量，不断变化的层厚度和密度，以及荧光标记的界面种群的动力学行为。 界面弛豫将进一步探讨通过使用TIRF的自交换研究。 这些研究将建立层的演化时间尺度，并提供一些想法，层的功能演变。 根据研究启动奖开发的模型将被修改，以定量解释所观察到的动态。 下一阶段的工作将这种不断演变的层结构与胶体行为联系起来。 胶体力的动态测量将使用“MASIF”进行测量，类似于表面力仪器，但专为动态数据采集而设计。最后，将采用撞击射流胶体沉积研究来测量界面弛豫和成对胶体力测量如何转化为絮凝或稳定， 强剪切力和流体动力碰撞力的情况。 作为瞬态界面状态和流体动力学条件的函数的粘附能力可以用于现有的絮凝模型中，以使它们对于废水、纸张、涂料和油回收应用更具有工艺特异性。