In situ Measurements of ClO, BrO, CFC-11, Particles and Ozone during SOLVE

SOLVE 过程中对 ClO、BrO、CFC-11、颗粒物和臭氧进行原位测量

• 批准号: 9978181
• 负责人: Darin Toohey
• 金额: $ 16.03万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-11-01 至 2002-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9978181&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: situ; Measurements; ClO; BrO; CFC

9978181Toohey This research project will conduct a series of measurements in conjunction with the NASA mission SOLVE (SAGE Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment), to examine the issue of ozone loss due to halogen radicals in the arctic polar vortex. ClO, BrO, Cl2O2, CFC-11, particles, and ozone will be measured with fast-response in situ instruments between 10 and 30 km with small balloons to be launched from Kiruna, Sweden. Up to six launches will be scheduled from late November, 1999, through February, 2000, to address the following issues: . Flight 1 - Initial pre-PSC vortex composition, including particle, halogen radical, and ozone distributions, and the impact of warm (~200-210 K) heterogeneous chemistry,. Flight 2 - Early-winter reactive chlorine (ClO + Cl2O2) partitioning and ozone loss at high-solar zenith angles, . Flights 3-6 - Halogen activation by PSCs, mid-winter ozone loss due to BrO and ClO, and halogen recovery.The project will be conducted in close collaboration with investigators from France and Sweden who will be conducting separate balloon measurements of NO2, OClO, BrO, ozone, water vapor, CFC-11, and CFC-12, and ground-based measurements of a large suite of compounds, including columns of BrO, source gases, and reservoirs, and profiles of ClO. Launches will be scheduled to overlap with other SOLVE activities to enhance the science objectives. This will include validations of coincident SAGE III measurements, intercomparisons with similar measurements on the ER-2 and DC-8 aircraft, and opportunities for correlative flights with balloons measuring long-lived tracers and reservoirs of halogen and nitrogen oxides. The primary objective will be to provide a unique data set with which to determine halogen activation and deactivation and ozone loss from the tropopause to ~30 km, and which can be used to suitably constrain models used to calculate ozone loss. This work will also complement activities outlined in the SOLVE NRA by providing high-resolution profiles that will extend the observations of similar species in time and vertical space (in the case of the ER-2 and DC-8) and by producing a more comprehensive set of measurements (in the case of large remote and in situ balloon payloads). The campaign will be directed by an experimental team that includes the PI, Prof. Terry Deshler of the University of Wyoming, Dr. Neil Harris of the European Ozone Research Coordinating Unit, Dr. Jean-Pierre Pommereau of Service d'Aeronomie du CNRS, France, and Prof. Sheila Kirkwood of the Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden. The final flight schedule will be developed with additional input from the SOLVE science team, and launches will be based primarily on meteorological forecasts from the Goddard Space Flight Center trajectory mailer with information from 3-D photochemical models.

9978181Toohey这个研究项目将与NASA的SOLVE （SAGE臭氧损失和验证实验）任务一起进行一系列测量，以研究北极极地涡旋中卤素自由基造成的臭氧损失问题。ClO、BrO、Cl2O2、CFC-11、颗粒和臭氧将使用快速响应的现场仪器在10至30公里之间进行测量，小型气球将从瑞典基律纳发射。从1999年11月底至2000年2月，将安排多达6次发射，以解决下列问题：飞行1 - psc前的初始涡旋组成，包括粒子、卤素自由基和臭氧分布，以及温暖（~200-210 K）非均相化学的影响。飞行2 -在太阳高天顶角的初冬活性氯（ClO + Cl2O2）分配和臭氧损失。飞行3-6 -由PSCs激活的卤素，由于BrO和ClO造成的冬季中期臭氧损失，以及卤素回收。该项目将与来自法国和瑞典的研究人员密切合作，他们将分别对二氧化氮、二氧化氯、溴甲烷、臭氧、水蒸气、CFC-11和CFC-12进行气球测量，并对大量化合物进行地面测量，包括溴甲烷柱、源气体、储层和二氧化氯剖面。发射计划将与SOLVE的其他活动重叠，以加强科学目标。这将包括验证SAGE III的一致测量值，与ER-2和DC-8飞机上的类似测量值进行相互比较，以及利用气球测量长寿命示踪剂和卤素和氮氧化物储存器的相关飞行机会。主要目标将是提供一个独特的数据集，用于确定从对流层顶到~30公里的卤素激活和失活以及臭氧损失，并可用于适当地约束用于计算臭氧损失的模型。这项工作还将通过提供高分辨率剖面，扩展在时间和垂直空间上对类似物种的观测（在ER-2和DC-8的情况下），并通过产生一套更全面的测量（在大型远程和原位气球有效载荷的情况下），来补充SOLVE NRA概述的活动。该活动将由一个实验小组指导，该小组包括PI、怀俄明大学的Terry Deshler教授、欧洲臭氧研究协调单位的Neil Harris博士、法国国家科学研究中心航空服务处的Jean-Pierre Pommereau博士和瑞典基鲁纳空间物理研究所的Sheila Kirkwood教授。最终的飞行计划将在SOLVE科学团队的额外投入下制定，发射将主要基于戈达德太空飞行中心的气象预报和三维光化学模型的信息。