SYMPOSIUM: "Motor Control of Vertebrate Feeding: Functional and Evolutionary Perspectives", Chicago, IL, Jan 3-7, 2001

研讨会：“脊椎动物摄食的运动控制：功能和进化视角”，伊利诺伊州芝加哥，2001 年 1 月 3-7 日

• 批准号: 9982815
• 负责人: Michael Alfaro
• 金额: $ 0.25万
• 依托单位: Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-12-15 至 2001-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9982815&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SYMPOSIUM; Motor; Control; Vertebrate; Feeding

Vertebrates feed in a diversity of ways, from the large, sucking mouths of many fishes to sticky, projectile tongues of some lizards and salamanders, to the powerful, tearing jaws and teeth of large cats. Although biologists have long recognized the bones and muscles of the skull have undergone significant evolution as feeding strategies have diversified in different vertebrate groups, work over the last 20 years has suggested that the neural circuitry responsible for controlling feeding behavior may be relatively inflexible over evolutionary time. Some workers have suggested that the complexity of neural circuits makes them resistant to evolutionary change. Innovations in feeding behavior are thus thought to be accomplished by changes in muscle and/or bone shape and not changes in the "hard-wiring" or neural control of the muscles themselves.The goals of this symposium are to evaluate these ideas about neural circuit conservatism by examining feeding patterns across vertebrates. Biologists from around the world working on fishes, sharks, frogs, turtles, lizards, mammals, and birds, will come together to discuss the patterns of skull and jaw movement and motor control evident in each of these groups. By identifying trends within each of these major groups and synthesizing patterns apparent across them, workers will refine current models of vertebrate feeding and explore new and potentially fruitful avenues of research for the future.

脊椎动物的进食方式多种多样，从许多鱼类的巨大的吸吮嘴到一些蜥蜴和蝾螈的粘性的抛射舌头，再到大型猫科动物的强大的撕裂下颚和牙齿。 虽然生物学家早就认识到，随着不同脊椎动物群体的进食策略多样化，头骨的骨骼和肌肉经历了重大的进化，但过去20年的工作表明，负责控制进食行为的神经回路可能在进化过程中相对不灵活。 一些研究者认为，神经回路的复杂性使它们对进化变化具有抵抗力。 因此，摄食行为的创新被认为是通过肌肉和/或骨骼形状的变化来实现的，而不是肌肉本身的“硬接线”或神经控制的变化。本次研讨会的目标是通过检查脊椎动物的摄食模式来评估这些关于神经回路保守性的想法。 来自世界各地的研究鱼类、鲨鱼、青蛙、海龟、蜥蜴、哺乳动物和鸟类的生物学家将聚集在一起，讨论这些群体中头骨和下颌运动以及运动控制的模式。 通过确定这些主要群体中的每一个的趋势，并综合它们之间明显的模式，工作人员将改进目前的脊椎动物喂养模型，并探索未来新的和可能富有成效的研究途径。