Observations of the Earthquake Cycle from European Space Agency (ERS) and Advance Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR)

欧洲航天局 (ERS) 和先进陆地观测卫星 (ALOS) 合成孔径雷达干涉测量 (InSAR) 对地震周期的观测

• 批准号: 0105896
• 负责人: David Sandwell
• 金额: $ 20.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-01 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0105896&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Observations; Earthquake; Cycle; European; Space

Sandwell 0105896 Synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) is a relatively new tool for monitoring deformations of the surface of the earth associated with earthquakes, volcanoes, and groundwater subsidence. Sparse networks of GPS receivers provide accurate ground motions over a limited number of points while the space-based InSAR technique provides higher spatial resolution (~100 m) and global access but poor temporal resolution. Suitable civilian SAR satellites have been flown by the European Space Agency (ERS-1 and ERS-2) as well as by the Japanese Space agency (JERS-1 and ALOS - 2003 launch date). These data are largely unexplored and are of enormous value for assessing the earthquake risk in Southern California. The investigators will use these data to monitor co-seismic, post-seismic, and inter-seismic crustal deformation. Published models of the earthquake cycle predict that much of the diagnostic crustal strain occurs within 10 km of the fault zone and thus it will not be observed by the relatively coarse distribution of GPS monuments ( 10 km spacing). The proposed tasks include: development of high-resolution topographic models for accurate removal of topographic phase from change interferograms; estimation of the depth distribution of slip on the 1999 Hector Mine rupture; examination of post-seismic slip at the Landers and Hector Mine ruptures in relation to the earthquake cycle models; monitoring creep rate and creep depth along major faults in Southern California; development of a boundary-element model of the Southern California fault system; and preparation for L-band SAR data to be collected by the Japanese ALOS mission.

桑德威尔0105896合成孔径雷达干涉仪是一种相对较新的工具，用于监测与地震、火山和地下水沉降有关的地表形变。稀疏的GPS接收器网络提供了有限点数的精确地面运动，而天基InSAR技术提供了较高的空间分辨率(~100 m)和全局访问，但时间分辨率较低。欧洲航天局(ERS-1和ERS-2)以及日本航天局(JERS-1和ALOS-2003发射日期)已经发射了合适的民用合成孔径雷达卫星。这些数据在很大程度上是未开发的，对于评估南加州的地震风险具有巨大的价值。研究人员将使用这些数据来监测同震、震后和震间地壳形变。已发表的地震周期模型预测，大部分诊断地壳应变发生在断裂带10公里范围内，因此，GPS纪念碑的相对粗略分布(间距10公里)不会观察到这种应变。拟议的任务包括：开发高分辨率地形模型，以便从变化干涉图中准确地消除地形相；估计1999年赫克托矿破裂的滑动深度分布；对照地震周期模型，检查兰德斯矿和赫克托矿破裂的震后滑动；监测南加州主要断裂的蠕变速率和蠕变深度；建立南加州断裂系统的边界单元模型；为日本ALOS飞行任务将收集的L波段的合成孔径雷达数据做准备。