Prosecuting Crimes Against Humanity in the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia

在前南斯拉夫问题国际刑事法庭起诉危害人类罪

• 批准号: 0111755
• 负责人: John Hagan
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: American Bar Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0111755&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Prosecuting; Crimes; Against; Humanity; International

This research will study the Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), the first truly international court for the prosecution of war crimes, genocide, breaches of the Geneva Conventions, and crimes against humanity. The research will use a structural theory of social movements to explain the emergence and evolution of the ICTY by focusing on political opportunities, mobilization structures, and cultural framing through human agency. Particular emphasis is placed on the tenure of Louise Arbour, the Chief Prosecutor, as she contributed elements of human agency and cultural reframing that were essential in utilizing opportunities presented by the post-cold war period and in mobilizing the organizational potential of the Tribunal. The research will involve archival work and two panel survey waves and in-person interviews with about 200 respondents randomly sampled from 320 employees of the OTP. The survey and interviews will provide a demographic profile and ethnographic picture of how the Tribunal was established and how the investigation and trial teams operate as mobilizing structures in building personal commitment to organizational goals. The surveys and interviews is to provide a stringent test of the thesis that intense interpersonal exposure to mobilizing structures, in this case through the Tribunal work teams, is a key source of commitment to Tribunal goals involving the successful prosecution of war crimes and other crimes against humanity. The theme of this work is ultimately that the collective benefit of human agency is dependent on the way in which the leadership of figures such as Louise Arbour can be translated into the everyday and collective commitment of individuals like those who make up the investigation and trial teams of The Hague Tribunal. This is the first study to focus on the actual institutionalization and operation of the ICTY as "living law," that is, as "law in action."

这项研究将研究前南斯拉夫问题国际刑事法庭（前南问题国际法庭）检察官办公室，该法庭是起诉战争罪、种族灭绝罪、违反日内瓦四公约和危害人类罪的第一个真正的国际法庭。该研究将使用社会运动的结构理论来解释前南问题国际法庭的出现和演变，重点是政治机会，动员结构和文化框架，通过人的机构。报告特别强调首席检察官路易丝·阿朗的任期，因为她为利用冷战后时期提供的机会和调动法庭的组织潜力提供了至关重要的人的能动性和文化重构要素。这项研究将涉及档案工作和两轮小组调查，以及对从检察官办公室320名雇员中随机抽取的约200名答卷人进行面谈。调查和访谈将提供人口概况和人种学描述，说明法庭是如何建立的，调查和审判工作队是如何作为动员结构运作的，以建立个人对组织目标的承诺。这些调查和访谈是为了对以下论点进行严格检验，即人际间密切接触动员结构，在本案中是通过法庭工作队接触动员结构，是致力于法庭成功起诉战争罪和其他危害人类罪的目标的一个关键来源。这项工作的主题最终是，人类机构的集体利益取决于如何将路易丝·阿朗等人物的领导作用转化为海牙法庭调查和审判小组成员等个人的日常和集体承诺。这是第一次着重研究前南问题国际法庭作为“活的法律”，即“行动中的法律”的实际制度化和运作情况。"