Fine-scale Description of Shallow Atmospheric Boundaries during International Water Vapor Project (IHOP)

国际水蒸汽（H2O）项目（IHOP）是一个大型的多机构、多研究者的项目，专注于测量水蒸汽和水蒸汽变异性。该项目的目标是提高对对流开始的认识，并提高短期降水预报技能。研究人员将使用怀俄明云雷达系统（WCR），怀俄明大学国王航空研究飞机（UWYKA）的原位数据，以及辅助IHOP数据，以前所未有的细节描述雷达“细线”的垂直结构和演变，如外流边界和干线，并解释它们触发深层对流的能力。UWYKA配备了一系列大气传感器来测量温度、湿度、风及其通量，以及云和辐射探测器。UWYKA和WCR数据沿阶梯穿越的组合将允许(a)描述浅辐合带的运动学和热力学垂直结构；(b)边界层可降水量、对流参数和细线间水汽辐合的变化估计。需要检验的关键假设有：1。WCR数据足够敏感和详细，可以描述边界层结构的各种细节2。WCR数据可以对雷达探测到的细线垂直剖面的气流进行详细而准确的描述。综合分析WCR、UWYKA和辅助IHOP数据，特别是DIAL水汽剖面，将表明“混合良好”的对流边界层中可降水量的变化是显著的。

The International Water Vapor (H2O) Project (IHOP) is a large multi-agency, multi-investigator project that focuses on the measurement of water vapor and water vapor variability. The goal of the project is to improve understanding of convective initiation and to increase short-term precipitation forecast skills. The researcher will employ the Wyoming Cloud Radar system (WCR), in situ data from the University of Wyoming King Air research aircraft (UWYKA), and ancillary IHOP data to describe in unprecedented detail, the vertical structure and evolution of radar "fine-lines", such as outflow boundaries and drylines, and to interpret their ability to trigger deep convection. The UWYKA is equipped with an array of atmospheric sensors to measure temperature, humidity, winds, and their fluxes, as well as cloud and radiation probes. The combination of UWYKA and WCR data along stepped traverses will allow (a) a description of the kinematic and thermodynamic vertical structure of shallow convergence zones; and (b) an estimation of the variation of the boundary layer precipitable water, convection parameters, and moisture convergence across fine-lines.The key hypotheses to be tested are:1. The WCR data are sufficiently sensitive and detailed to describe various details of boundary layer structures2. The WCR data allow a detailed and accurate description of the airflow in vertical sections across radar-detected fine-lines3. Analysis of combined WCR, UWYKA, and ancillary IHOP data, in particular DIAL water vapor profiles will show that the variability of precipitable water in a 'well-mixed' convective boundary layer is significant.