CAREER: Granular Media: Experimental Kinetic Theory

纽约州立大学城市学院的这个职业项目将试验性地探索动力学理论应用于理想化和工业相关颗粒材料的适用范围。颗粒系统是粒子的集合，通常在碰撞中耗散能量。对这些材料的基本了解，可以与我们目前对流体和固体的理解相媲美，但今天还不存在，但将对许多行业产生深远的影响，如能源生产、食品加工和制药。用来推导质量、动量和能量平衡的颗粒连续介质方程的假设，类比于正常流体，但包括能量耗散，对于这些颗粒系统中的一些显然是违反的。实验的目的是确定这些方程在什么条件下产生定量准确的结果，并修改假设，以涵盖更广泛的情况。这些实验的简单可视性质创造了一个理想的机会，通过将个人重点研究机会、高级研究方法课程和颗粒材料课程结合起来，将研究纳入本科生和研究生的科学课程。参与该项目的学生和博士后将接受尖端研究方法方面的培训，并将为在学术界、行业和政府的职业生涯做好充分准备。这一纽约州立大学城市学院的职业发展项目将通过实验确定颗粒材料竞争理论在理想化和工业相关系统中的适用范围，并将这种研究经验纳入科学课程。颗粒材料是小颗粒的集合，如沙漏中的沙子或筒仓中的颗粒。对颗粒系统的基本了解，可与我们目前对流体和固体的理解相媲美，目前还不存在，但将对许多行业产生深远影响，如能源生产、食品加工和制药。用于推导当前颗粒流动理论的基本假设与正常流体的基本假设相似，但对某些颗粒系统显然是违反的。这些实验的目的是确定这些理论在什么条件下可以用来计算准确的结果，并将这些理论扩展到更广泛的情况。这些实验的简单可视性质创造了一个理想的机会，通过将个人重点研究机会、高级研究方法课程和颗粒材料课程结合起来，将研究纳入本科生和研究生的科学课程。参与该项目的学生和博士后将接受尖端研究方法的培训，并为在学术界、工业界和政府部门就业做好准备。

This CAREER project at CUNY City College will experimentally explore the region of applicability of kinetic theory applied to idealized and industrially relevant granular materials. Granular systems are collections of particles that typically dissipate energy in collisions. A fundamental understanding of these materials, comparable to our current understanding of fluids and solids, does not exist today but would have far reaching impacts across many industries, such as energy production, food processing, and pharmaceuticals. The assumptions used to derive granular continuum equations for mass, momentum, and energy balance, by analogy to normal fluids but including energy dissipation, are clearly violated for some of these granular systems. The goal of the experiments is to determine the conditions under which these equations produce quantitatively accurate results and to modify the assumptions to encompass a broader range of situations. The simple visual nature of these experiments creates an ideal opportunity to incorporate research into the undergraduate and graduate science curriculum through a combination of individual focused research opportunities, an advanced research methods course, and a granular materials course. The students and post-docs involved in the project will receive training in cutting edge research methods and will be well prepared for careers in academe, industry and governmentThis CAREER development at CUNY City College project will experimentally determine the region of applicability of competing theories of granular materials for both idealized and industrially relevant systems and will incorporate this research experience into the science curriculum. Granular materials are collections of small particles, such sand in an hourglass or grains in a silo. A fundamental understanding of granular systems, comparable to our current understanding of fluids and solids, does not exist today but would have far reaching impacts across many industries, such as energy production, food processing, and pharmaceuticals. The basic assumptions used to derive current theories of granular flow are similar to those of normal fluids but are clearly violated for some granular systems. The goal of these experiments is to determine the conditions under which these theories can be used to calculate accurate results and to extend the theories to encompass a broader range of situations. The simple visual nature of these experiments creates an ideal opportunity to incorporate research into the undergraduate and graduate science curriculum through a combination of individual focused research opportunities, an advanced research methods course, and a granular materials course. The students and post-docs involved in the project will receive training in cutting edge research methods and will be well prepared for careers in academe, industry and government