Collaborative Research: COMPRES Grand Challenge for Experimental Study of Plastic Deformation under Deep Earth Conditions

合作研究：深部地球条件下塑性变形实验研究的 COMPRES 大挑战

• 批准号: 0135411
• 负责人: Harry Green
• 金额: $ 80.45万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-15 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0135411&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; COMPRES; Grand; Challenge

Green0135411Quantitative rheological measurements on Earth materials have been conducted only under relatively low-pressure conditions corresponding to the depth of ~60 km or less. The main thrust of this project is to extend this limit, through technical developments, at least to ~800 km covering not only the upper mantle but also the transition zone and the lower mantle. We propose to establish a new inter-institutional program coordinated with COMPRES (Consortium for Materials Property Research in the Earth Sciences) by utilizing the infrastructure for operation of national facilities and educational program, and we will expand the capabilities of these facilities for the broader scientific community. Through inter-institutional collaboration, we will develop two new types of apparatus (a modified cubic apparatus (D-DIA) and a rotational Drickamer apparatus (RDA)) in addition to further improvements to the well-established deformation techniques using a multianvil apparatus (MA). Both D-DIA and RDA (as well as MA) can readily be fitted to synchrotron radiation facilities to allow quantitative measurements of stress and strain at high-pressure and temperature conditions. D-DIA is suited for quantitative rheology measurements including shear localization and resultant instabilities while RDA has a unique capability of large strain deformation experiments at high-pressures, an important feature for study of lattice preferred orientation. These apparatus will be used to obtain the first quantitative data set on rheological properties and deformation-induced microstructures of Earth and planetary materials under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions (to ~15-25 GPa, ~2000 K). The results of such measurements will contribute to better understand (i) the radial and lateral variation of rheological properties for whole mantle, (ii) the interaction of rheological behavior with chemical reactions including phase transformations, and (iii) the nature of deformation-induced microstructures such as lattice preferred orientation (which causes seismic anisotropy). The unique facility thus developed will be accessible to a large mineral and rock physics community and will significantly enhance the contribution of mineral and rock physics research to a wide range of solid Earth sciences.

Green0135411在相对较低的压力条件下，对地球材料进行了Quantitative的流变学测量，对应于〜60 km或更少的深度。该项目的主要目的是通过技术发展扩展该限制，至少覆盖上地幔，而且覆盖过渡区和下地幔。我们建议通过利用基础设施来建立一项新的机构间计划（地球科学的材料财产研究联盟），用于国家设施和教育计划的运营，我们将扩大这些设施的能力，以扩大更广泛的科学界。通过机构间的合作，我们还将开发两种新型的设备（改良的立方体设备（D-DIA）和一个旋转式Drickamer设备（RDA）），除了进一步改进了使用Multianvil Apparatus（MA）的完善变形技术的进一步改进。 D-DIA和RDA（以及MA）都可以轻松地拟合到同步辐射设施中，以允许在高压和温度条件下进行定量测量应力和应变。 D-DIA适用于定量流变学测量值，包括剪切定位和结果不稳定性，而RDA在高压下具有大型应变变形实验的独特能力，这是研究晶格优选方向的重要特征。这些设备将用于获取有关在高压，高温条件下（〜15-25 GPA，〜2000 K）下的流变特性和变形诱导的地球和行星材料的微观结构的第一个定量数据。此类测量结果将有助于更好地理解（i）整个地幔的流变特性的径向和横向变化，（ii）流变学行为与包括相变的化学反应的相互作用，以及（iii）变形诱导的微结构的性质，例如晶格优选方向（引起晶格优先级）。这样开发的独特设施将用于大型矿物和岩石物理界，并将大大提高矿物和岩石物理研究对广泛的固体地球科学的贡献。