Establishing the Critical Parameters for Dehydration Embrittlement in Subduction Zones
建立俯冲带脱水脆化的关键参数
基本信息
- 批准号:1015264
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 40万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2010
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2010-08-01 至 2013-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Unassisted brittle shear failure and frictional sliding are restricted to depths in Earth of less than ~50 km because of the strong inhibition of frictional sliding by increasing pressure and the reduction of flow stress due to increasing temperature with depth. Nevertheless, earthquakes occur to depths approaching 700 km and the physics by which such failure can occur remains incompletely understood. These earthquakes occur in subduction zones; understanding of the fundamental processes by which they occur can provide important information about mantle convection and about the distribution of water within the deeper portions of our planet.The experimental and seismic evidence is now very strong that intermediate-depth earthquakes (~50-350 km) are initiated by dehydration embrittlement of hydrous phases in the subducting oceanic lithosphere. There is also abundant experimental evidence that large volumes of H2O could be transported from the surface to great depths within subducting slabs by hydrous (and nominally anhydrous) phases. In this project the PI will examine the evidence that supports the former and calls into question the latter and will propose to answer three critical questions that are relevant to both. Those questions are: (i) What is the minimum amount of antigorite serpentine that is necessary to enable the dehydration embrittlement instability? (ii) How does dehydration embrittlement of antigorite really work? That is, what are the physical mechanisms activated by generation of small amounts of hydrous fluid that lead to a shearing instability even when breakdown of antigorite leads to a negative volume change (densification)? (iii) Are earthquakes in the mantle transition zone consistent with dehydration embrittlement and, if not, does that indicate that subducting slabs are essentially dry below 410 km? The PI proposes to answer these questions with high-pressure experiments and analysis of the run products by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoSIMS, and a variety of spectroscopic techniques (e.g. FTIR, Raman, EELS, etc.). This proposal addresses problems that are fundamental to the geology and geophysics of subducting lithosphere and therefore will have impact on a very broad spectrum of the solid-earth sciences, including seismology, geochemistry, mantle petrology and geodynamics. It also will have impact on the surficial Earth sciences through its relevance to Earth's water cycle. In addition, it potentially will have impact on materials science through elaboration of the underlying mechanisms of phase-transformation-induced shearing instabilities. It further will add to the numbers of highly educated Earth Scientists, providing graduate and undergraduate students with hands-on use of sophisticated analytical equipment.
由于压力增加对摩擦滑动的强烈抑制作用和温度随深度增加而引起的流动应力的降低,无辅助脆性剪切破坏和摩擦滑动仅限于小于50 km的深度。然而,地震发生在接近700公里的深度,这种故障可能发生的物理学仍然没有完全了解。这些地震发生在俯冲带;了解它们发生的基本过程可以提供有关地幔对流和地球深部水分布的重要信息。实验和地震证据现在非常有力地表明,中深度地震(~50-350 km)是由俯冲洋岩石圈中含水相的脱水脆化引发的。也有大量的实验证据表明,大量的H2O可以通过含水(和名义上无水)相从表面输送到俯冲板内的很深处。 在本项目中,PI将检查支持前者的证据,并对后者提出质疑,并将提出回答与两者相关的三个关键问题。 这些问题是:(i)使脱水脆化不稳定所需的叶蛇纹石的最小量是多少?(ii)叶蛇纹石的脱水脆化究竟是如何发生的?也就是说,是什么物理机制激活的生成少量的含水流体,导致剪切不稳定性,即使当叶蛇纹石分解导致负体积变化(致密化)?(iii)地幔过渡带的地震是否与脱水脆化一致?如果不是,这是否表明俯冲板块在410公里以下基本上是干燥的?PI建议通过高压实验和通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、nanoSIMS和各种光谱技术(例如FTIR、拉曼、EELS等)分析运行产物来回答这些问题。 这一建议涉及俯冲岩石圈地质学和地球物理学的基本问题,因此将对固体地球科学的广泛领域产生影响,包括地震学、地球化学、地幔岩石学和地球动力学。它还将通过其与地球水循环的相关性对地球表面科学产生影响。此外,它可能会通过阐述相变诱导剪切不稳定性的潜在机制对材料科学产生影响。 它将进一步增加受过高等教育的地球科学家的数量,为研究生和本科生提供实际使用复杂分析设备的机会。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Harry Green其他文献
Evidence of bidirectional relationship between type 2 diabetes and depression; a Mendelian randomization study
2 型糖尿病与抑郁症之间双向关系的证据;一项孟德尔随机化研究
- DOI:
10.1038/s41380-025-03083-0 - 发表时间:
2025-07-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:10.100
- 作者:
Renu Bala;Dale Handley;Alexandra Gillett;Harry Green;Jack Bowden;Andrew Wood;Inês Barroso;Cathryn M. Lewis;Jessica Tyrrell - 通讯作者:
Jessica Tyrrell
THE IMPACT OF DEPRESSION DIAGNOSIS ON DIABETES AND LIFETIME HYPERGLYCAEMIA
- DOI:
10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.07.042 - 发表时间:
2022-10-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Jess Tyrrell;Alexandra Gillett;Francesco Casanova;Katie Young;Harry Green;Cathryn Lewis;Saskia Hagenaars - 通讯作者:
Saskia Hagenaars
Harry Green的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Harry Green', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative EAGER Research: Mineral reactions during seismic slip and earthquake instability
EAGER 协作研究:地震滑移和地震不稳定期间的矿物反应
- 批准号:
1247951 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: CSEDI--Grand Challenge for Experimental Study of Plastic Deformation Under Deep Earth Conditions
合作研究:CSEDI--深地条件下塑性变形实验研究的重大挑战
- 批准号:
0652626 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: A Study of Deep Subduction Integrating Broadband Seismology and Mineral Physics
合作研究:宽带地震学与矿物物理学相结合的深俯冲带研究
- 批准号:
0552011 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Technical Support for a Dual Beam Focused Ion Milling System for TEM Foil Preparation + 3D Chemical Analysis
用于 TEM 箔制备 3D 化学分析的双束聚焦离子铣削系统的技术支持
- 批准号:
0521896 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: COMPRES Grand Challenge for Experimental Study of Plastic Deformation under Deep Earth Conditions
合作研究:深部地球条件下塑性变形实验研究的 COMPRES 大挑战
- 批准号:
0135411 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Experimental Investigation of the Rheology of Eclogite and Its Constituent Minerals at High Pressure
榴辉岩及其成分矿物高压流变性的实验研究
- 批准号:
0003631 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Experimental Study of the Origin and Nature of High Pressure Faulting Relevant to Earthquakes in Subducting Lithosphere
合作研究:俯冲岩石圈与地震相关的高压断层的起源和性质的实验研究
- 批准号:
0125938 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Technical Support for University of California, Riverside Technophysics Laboratory
为加州大学河滨分校技术物理实验室提供技术支持
- 批准号:
9731383 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Dehydration Embrittlement of Serpentine at High Pressures: Implications for Intermediate and Deep Earthquakes
合作研究:蛇纹石在高压下的脱水脆化:对中度和深层地震的影响
- 批准号:
9725575 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
An Experimental Approach to Understanding Self-Organization of Mode I Defects and Nucleation of Shear Fracture
理解 I 型缺陷自组织和剪切断裂成核的实验方法
- 批准号:
9805368 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 40万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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