Collaborative Proposal: Static and Dynamic Properties of Municipal Soild Waste

0220064，加州大学伯克利分校的乔纳森·D·布雷：“合作研究：城市固体废物的静态和动态特性”在过去的15年里，城市固体废物填埋场(MSW)已经从当地的“垃圾场”演变为复杂的工程系统。然而，尽管现代固体废物填埋场所需的工程环境保护系统非常复杂，而且其中许多系统的性能依赖于垃圾的行为，但我们对MSW的力学行为的了解充其量也是初级的。城市生活垃圾力学性质的不确定性是可靠的垃圾填埋场稳定性分析、新垃圾填埋场垃圾封存系统设计以及旧垃圾填埋场关闭和再开发的主要限制因素。这一行动是为了支持一个为期三年的合作研究计划，其目标是系统地评估影响城市固体废物填埋场静态和动态岩土性质的重要因素。美国环境保护局要求，美国所有垃圾填埋场的设计都要能抵御地震。对于具有显著地震震动潜力的地区的垃圾填埋场，设计时需要考虑其动力特性。目前，动强度特性被假定为与静态特性相同，而动刚度是基于有限的小应变数据。城市生活垃圾是一种高度异质的材料，由各种可降解(如纸张、食物垃圾)和不可降解(如土壤、塑料)材料组成。虽然垃圾的行为很可能受到垃圾成分和材料降解状态的影响，但对这些因素对垃圾静态和动态行为的影响缺乏基本的了解。因此，用于静态和动态分析的城市生活垃圾特性通常基于经验法则、工程判断以及少量的实验室和现场测量。这项研究调查的因素包括废物成分(特别是垃圾和类似土壤的材料的相对比例)、废物降解和颗粒大小。通过实验室和现场调查，对城市生活垃圾的抗剪强度、压缩性和动态材料特性进行了评估。研究垃圾土比对垃圾降解状态的影响，将有助于我们更好地理解垃圾作为垃圾与土壤组成的复合材料的基本行为。研究试件尺寸的影响是为了在未来的研究中尽可能减少或消除对大型试件和测试设备的需求，从而促进进一步的研究和工程设计的现场研究。

0220064, Jonathan D. Bray, U. of California-Berkeley"Collaborative Research: Static and Dynamic Properties of Municipal Solid Waste"Over the past 15 years, municipal solid-waste landfills (MSW) have evolved from local "dumps" into sophisticated engineered systems. Yet, despite the sophistication and complexity of the engineered environmental protection systems required at modern solid-waste landfills, and the dependence of the performance of many of these systems on the behavior of the waste mass, our understanding of the mechanical behavior of MSW is, at best, rudimentary. Uncertainty regarding MSW mechanical properties is a major limitation on performance of reliable landfill stability analyses, the design of waste containment systems for new landfills, and the closure and redevelopment of old landfills.This action is to support a three-year collaborative research program whose objective is to evaluate systematically the significant factors that influence the static and dynamic geotechnical properties of municipal solid-waste landfills. The Environmental Protection Agency requires that all landfills in the United States be designed to withstand earthquakes. For landfills in areas having significant seismic shaking potential, the dynamic properties are needed for design. Currently, dynamic strength properties are assumed to be the same as the static properties, and dynamic stiffness is based on limited small strain data. MSW is a highly heterogeneous material composed of various degradable (e.g. paper, food waste) and non-degradable (e.g. soil, plastic) materials. While the behavior of MSW is likely to be influenced by waste composition and the state of material degradation, a fundamental understanding of the influence of these factors on the static and dynamic behavior of MSW is lacking. As a result, MSW properties for static and dynamic analysis are typically based upon rules of thumb, engineering judgment, and a handful of laboratory and field measurements. Factors being investigated in this study include waste composition (particularly with respect to the relative proportions of refuse and soil-like materials), waste degradation, and particle size. Shear strength, compressibility, and dynamic material properties of MSW are evaluated using laboratory and field investigations. Research on the influence of the refuse-to-soil ratio and on the state of waste degradation will further our understanding of the fundamental behavior of MSW as a composite material composed of refuse and soil. Research on the influence of test specimen size is intended to facilitate both further research and site-specific studies for engineering design by possibly reducing or eliminating the need for large-sized test specimens and testing devices in future studies.