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Earthquake Surface Fault Rupture Interaction with Building Foundations

地震地表断层破裂与建筑地基的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
0926473
负责人：
Jonathan Bray
金额：
$ 29.78万
依托单位：
University of California-Berkeley
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-08-01 至 2013-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0926473&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Earthquake Surface Fault Rupture Interaction

项目摘要

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). The effects of earthquake surface fault rupture on building foundations are investigated in this research with the goals of developing sound analytical procedures for evaluating the hazard, providing guidance regarding effective design concepts for buildings that are built near active faults, and advancing promising ground improvement techniques for mitigating this hazard. Recent earthquakes have provided numerous examples of the devastating effects of earthquake surface fault rupture on structures. Several major cities are built in areas containing active faults that can break the ground surface (e.g., Los Angeles, Salt Lake City, San Diego, San Francisco, and Seattle). Along with the often spectacular observations of damage, examples of satisfactory performance of structures have been observed. These examples of satisfactory performance indicate that similar to other forms of ground failure, effective design strategies can be developed to address the hazards associated with surface fault rupture. A rational analytical, design, and mitigation framework for addressing the surface fault rupture hazard is required.This research focuses on evaluating the responses of different building foundations at sandy soil sites with different relative densities and thicknesses that are subjected to reverse or normal fault movements. The surface fault rupture problem is investigated as a soil-structure-interaction phenomenon using the explicit finite difference method with the nonlinear effective stress UBC-SAND soil model. Well-documented field case histories and two comprehensive centrifuge studies are being used to gain insight and to establish benchmarks for the analysis. After calibrating the analytical model, a comprehensive numerical investigation of the effects of earthquake surface fault rupture on building foundations is performed. Several promising mitigation techniques are also being explored. The analytical results will provide both fundamental insights and practice-oriented recommendations.Several government agencies and professional committees are re-examining existing policies or developing new policies to address the surface fault rupture hazard. Advancements in surface fault rupture hazard mitigation lag behind those for other forms of ground failure, because of the overreliance on avoidance. However, not all faults can be avoided, and not all faults require strict avoidance if mitigation techniques can be shown to be effective in handling the ground deformation associated with minor fault movements. Effective mitigation and design procedures are required, and their use requires robust analytical procedures. The results of this research project meet a critical need in society by helping engineers and urban planners address this hazard. Additionally, due the complexity of the phenomena, important advances in the understanding of the failure of soil and of soil-structure-interaction are being made.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。地震地表断层破裂对建筑物基础的影响进行了研究，在这项研究中的目标是制定健全的分析程序，评估的危害，提供指导有效的设计理念，建筑物附近的活断层，并推进有前途的地基加固技术，以减轻这种危害。最近的地震提供了许多地震地表断层破裂对结构的破坏性影响的例子。几个主要城市建在含有活动断层的地区，这些断层可能会破坏地表（例如，洛杉矶、湖城、圣地亚哥、弗朗西斯科和西雅图）。沿着的往往是壮观的损坏观察，令人满意的结构性能的例子已被观察到。这些令人满意的性能的例子表明，类似于其他形式的地面故障，有效的设计策略，可以开发，以解决与地面断层破裂的危害。一个合理的分析，设计和缓解框架，以解决地表断层破裂hazards.This研究的重点是评估不同的建筑物基础的反应在桑迪土壤网站具有不同的相对密度和厚度，受到反向或正常的断层运动。采用非线性有效应力UBC-SAND土模型，采用显式有限差分法，将地表断层破裂问题作为土-结构相互作用问题进行了研究。目前正在利用有充分记录的实地案例历史和两项全面的离心机研究来深入了解情况，并确定分析基准。在对分析模型进行校正后，对地震地表断层破裂对建筑物地基的影响进行了全面的数值研究。目前还在探讨几种有希望的缓解技术。一些政府机构和专业委员会正在重新审查现有政策或制定新政策，以解决地表断层破裂灾害。由于过度依赖于避免，地表断层破裂灾害缓解的进展落后于其他形式的地面故障。然而，并不是所有的故障都可以避免，并不是所有的故障都需要严格避免，如果缓解技术可以证明是有效的，在处理与轻微的断层运动相关的地面变形。需要有效的缓解和设计程序，其使用需要强有力的分析程序。该研究项目的结果通过帮助工程师和城市规划者解决这一危害，满足了社会的迫切需求。此外，由于该现象的复杂性，在理解土的破坏和土-结构相互作用方面正在取得重要进展。