RAPID: Geotechnical Engineering Reconnaissance of the M 8.8 Chile Earthquake of February 27, 2010

2010年2月27日，智利中西部海岸发生里氏8.8级地震（美国地质勘探局称之为智利马乌莱近海8.8级地震）。影响沿海、平原和山区的天然地面和工程设施的MW = 8.8的巨型逆冲断层事件对美国太平洋西北部和世界各地许多类似的地震情景非常重要。捕获横向扩展的细节和液化对建造良好的结构（如港口设施）的影响非常重要。记录一些边缘地球结构是如何幸存下来的是很重要的。描述土坝和尾矿坝在不同震中距离下的性能至关重要。了解土壤/地质条件如何影响观察到的损坏模式是很重要的。记录长时间地面运动在现场的影响是至关重要的。构造变形和次级地表断层破裂的影响也可能很重要。 现场勘察将集中于捕获易腐数据，但该团队还将通过以下方式对土壤进行岩土工程表征：（1）检查喷出物，（2）手持圆锥贯入试验，以及（3）手持设备测量剪切波速度（Vs）。该勘察团队通过地球工程极端事件勘察（GEER）协会进行协调。 GEER小组正在与地震工程研究所（EERI）和海洋科学海啸小组等其他组织协调的侦察小组密切合作。

On February 27, 2010 a magnitude Mw 8.8 earthquake struck the central west coast of Chile (named by the USGS as the Magnitude 8.8 Offshore Maule, Chile Earthquake). A megathrust Mw = 8.8 event that affects natural ground and engineered facilities in coastal, plain, and mountainous areas is of great importance for the Pacific Northwest of the United States and for many similar earthquake scenarios throughout the world. Capturing details of lateral spreads and the impacts of liquefaction on well-built structures, such as port facilities, are important. Documenting how some marginal earth structures survived is important. Characterizing the performance of earth dams and tailings dams at different epicentral distances is critical. Understanding how soil/geologic conditions influenced the observed damage patterns is important. Documenting the effects of long duration ground motions in the field is critical. Tectonic deformation and secondary surface fault rupture effects may also be important. Field reconnaissance will be focused on capturing perishable data, but the team will also perform geotechnical characterization of the soils through: (1) examination of ejecta, (2) hand-held cone penetration tests, and (3) hand-carried equipment to measure shear wave velocities (Vs).This reconnaissance team is coordinated through the Geoengineering Extreme Events Reconnaissance (GEER) Association. The GEER team is working closely with the reconnaissance teams coordinated by other organizations such as the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) and the Ocean Science Tsunami Group.