Seasonal Trends of Springtime Ozone, Reactive Nitrogen, Carbon Monoxide, and Hydrocarbons Over North America and the Effects of Anthropogenic Emissions

该项目继续对在对流层臭氧产生期间获得的关于春分(TOPSE)实验的观测数据进行模拟分析，以便更好地了解对北部高纬度对流层臭氧季节循环的控制影响。将描述在TOPSE期间从飞机上测量的臭氧和选定的光化学重要微量气体的季节趋势、动力学和纬度分布，并对其进行进一步分析，以确定控制观测数据的具体因素。通过结合多尺度模拟方法，将进行全球到区域的化学-运输耦合模拟，以更好地了解自然和人为前体排放源对观测到的对流层臭氧的相对贡献和相互作用--这仍然是较大空间尺度上大气化学的一个关键问题。这项研究的结果将提高我们对自然和人为排放如何影响大气的理解，更好地描述北部高纬度对流层臭氧的季节周期将有助于更深入地了解人类活动如何影响对流层和全球气候的化学。两名研究生将在P.I.的指导下进行建模和分析，通过强化暑期研究经验参与该项目的本科生也将得到支持。

This project continues modeling analyses of the observations acquired during the Tropospheric Ozone Production about the Spring Equinox (TOPSE) experiment in order to better understand controlling influences on the seasonal cycle of tropospheric ozone at high northern latitudes. Seasonal trends, dynamics and latitudinal distributions of ozone and selected photochemically important trace gases measured from aircraft during TOPSE will be characterized, and further analyzed to identify specific factors controlling the observational data. By combining multi-scale modeling approaches global-to-regional coupled chemistry-transport simulations will be conducted to better understand the relative contributions and interplay between natural and anthropogenic precursor emission sources on observed tropospheric ozone - still a critical issue with respect to atmospheric chemistry on larger spatial scales. Results from this study will improve our understanding of how natural and human-induced emissions are affecting the atmosphere and a better characterization on the seasonal cycle of tropospheric ozone at high northern latitudes will offer improved insight on how human activity impacts the chemistry of the troposphere and global climate. Two graduate students will be supported to conduct the modeling and analyses under the direction of the P.I., as will undergraduate students who participate in the project through a program of intensive summer research experience.