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The Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring Network-CALM II (2004-2008): Long-Term Observations on the Climate-Active Layer-Permafrost System

环极活动层监测网络-CALM II (2004-2008)：气候活动层-多年冻土系统的长期观测

基本信息

批准号：
0352958
负责人：
Frederick Nelson
金额：
$ 118.72万
依托单位：
University of Delaware
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-07-01 至 2010-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0352958&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring Network

项目摘要

The overall goal of the Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) program is to observe the response of the active layer and near-surface permafrost to climate change at multi-decade time scales. The CALM observational network, established in the 1990s, will continue to observe the long-term response of the active layer and near-surface permafrost to changes and variations in climate at more than 125 sites in both hemispheres and involving 14 participating countries. Approximately 60 sites will measure active-layer thickness on grids ranging from 1 ha to 1 km2, and 100 sites will observe soil temperatures, including permafrost temperatures from boreholes. Most sites in the CALM network are located in Arctic and Subarctic lowlands, although 20 boreholes are in mountainous regions of the Northern Hemisphere above 1300 m elevation. The broader impacts of this project are derived for the hypothesis that widespread, systematic changes in the thickness of the active layer could have profound effects on the flux of greenhouse gases, on the human infrastructure in cold regions, and on landscape processes. It is therefore critical that observational and analytical procedures continue over decadal periods to assess trends and detect cumulative, long-term changes.

环极活动层监测（CALM）计划的总体目标是在几十年的时间尺度上观察活动层和近地表永久冻土对气候变化的反应。1990年代建立的CALM观测网络将继续在两个半球125个以上地点观测活动层和近地表永久冻土对气候变化和变异的长期反应，有14个参加国参加。大约有60个地点将测量1公顷至1平方公里的网格上的活性层厚度，100个地点将观测土壤温度，包括从钻孔中观测永久冻土温度。CALM网络中的大多数站点位于北极和亚北极低地，尽管有20个钻孔位于北方半球海拔1300米以上的山区。该项目的更广泛的影响是根据这样一种假设得出的，即活动层厚度的广泛、系统的变化可能对温室气体通量、寒冷地区的人类基础设施和景观过程产生深远的影响。因此，至关重要的是，观测和分析程序应持续十年，以评估趋势并发现累积的长期变化。