Rings of Differential Operators and the Hadamard Problem

贝雷斯特提出的研究站在一个十字路口的各种问题的数学和数学物理。一个统一的原则是，我们研究的大多数问题涉及微分算子环的全局代数和几何性质。复Weyl代数A1（由关系[p; q] = ih定义）是这种环的典型例子，这将是本项目中特别关注的。它也许是非交换代数中最简单也是最重要的例子，在数学、物理和自然科学的许多领域都有应用。(For例如，它在量子力学中扮演着重要的角色，这是著名的海森堡测不准原理的基础。他的工作到目前为止已经取得了基本上新的成果，这代数。这些主要涉及投射模（理想）的结构和A1的自同构群。在拟议的研究中，我们打算解决更深层次的问题，A1和我们的结果，特别是更高的维度给予推广。在该项目的主要部分寻求的数学结果的动机和应用于波传播理论，这是经典数学物理学的基本问题之一。特别感兴趣的（从实践和理论的角度来看）是波何时可以无扩散地传播以允许传输“清晰”（尖锐）信号的可能性的问题。在齐次空间中，这个问题已经得到了很好的研究，但一般来说，这个问题仍然是开放的。该项目的目标之一是开发新的数学工具和技术来研究非均匀和各向异性介质中的这一难题。在这个方向上寻求的结果在波传播的数学理论中具有根本的兴趣和意义，并且可能在相关的物理学科中具有应用，包括电磁波和声波理论、空间通信技术、磁流体力学、晶体光学等。预计这项工作的跨学科性质将促进所涉各领域专家之间的交流与合作，事实上，这项工作到目前为止已经开始。此外，一些学生，研究生和本科生，以及博士后研究员将在这项工作中合作。

Berest proposed research stands at a crossroads of various questions of mathematics and math-ematical physics. A unifying principle is that most of the problems we study involve the globalalgebraic and geometric properties of rings of differential operators. The complex Weyl algebra A1(defined by the relation [p; q] = ih) is the prototypical example of such a ring which will be of special concern in the present project. It is perhaps the simplest and the most important example of a noncommutative algebra that finds applications in many areas of mathematics, physics and natural sciences. (For example, it plays a fundamental role in quantum mechanics underlying the famous Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.) His work so far has obtained essentially new results about this algebra. These mostly concern the structure of projective modules (ideals) and the automorphism group of A1. In the proposed research we intend to address still deeper questions about A1 and to give generalizations of our results, especially to higher dimensions. The mathematical results sought in the main part of the project are motivated by and applied to the theory of wave propagation which is one of the fundamental problems in classical mathematical physics. Of special interest (both from practical and theoretical point of view) is the question of when the waves may propagate without diffusion to allow the possibility of transmitting `clean-cut' (sharp) signals. Well studied in homogeneous spaces this question remains wide open in general. One of the goals of this project is to develop new mathematical tools and techniques to investigate this difficult problem in inhomogeneous and anisotropic media. The results sought in this direction are of fundamental interest and significance in mathematical theory of wave propagation and may have applications in related physical disciplines including the theory of electromagnetic and acoustic waves, space communication technologies, magnetohydrodynamics, crystal optics, etc. As a broader impact, it is expected that the interdisciplinary nature of this work will stimulate communication and collaboration between specialists in the various areas involved, as indeed this work so far has already begun to do. Moreover, several students, both graduate and undergraduate, as well as a postdoctoral fellow will collaborate in this work.