Development of martensitic support layers for hard coatings for optimized properties of surface layers by local electron beam (EB) hardening

开发用于硬涂层的马氏体支撑层，通过局部电子束 (EB) 硬化优化表面层的性能

• 批准号: 167979450
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Horst Biermann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Oberflächentechnik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/167979450?language=en
• 关键词: Development; martensitic; support; layers; hard

The excellent characteristics of PVD layers, as high hardness and wear resistance, can only be exploited on substrates with sufficient load-bearing capacity, e.g., on tool steels. The use of PVD layers on tribologically stressed components made of softer steels (51CrV 4) makes additional surface hardening necessary. Due to its unique process-specific characteristics - as high power density, flexible and highly dynamic energy modulation, and treatment under vacuum - Electron Beam Hardening (EBH) is eminently suitable to ensure local, stress-optimized improvement of the load-bearing capacity of the steel. The subject of the research project is the innovative combination of PVD coating with subsequent EBH. The research approach of the project is twofold: On the one hand, to increase considerably by means of EBH the supportive function of the substrate surface layer under Ti1-xAlxN layers deposited by magnetron sputtering and, on the other hand, to research in depth the effects of that thermal input on the structural composition and properties of the PVD layer. During phase 1 of the project, significant findings were made regarding the influence of the chemical composition and layer thickness of the Ti1-xAlxN on its behavior during EBH. In the projects 2nd phase, the scientific principles shall be deepened further in the area of promising layer/EB-treatment variations, and shall be expanded to develop new and important insights into the microstructure and wear behavior of such surface-layer combinations. In the 1st project period, the occurrence of layer defects such as cracking, flaking, and delamination could be contained, but not completely eliminated. Accompanied by a mathematical simulation of the internal stresses, the causes of such damage shall be derived, and tailor-made multilayer and graded layer systems generated to minimize damage potential with respect to the subsequent EBH. Moreover, crack-free surface layer combinations with application-relevant thicknesses shall be produced. Furthermore, insufficiently understood phenomena brought about by the EB treatment of the Ti1-xAlxN layers shall be researched, especially locally restricted diffusion and micro-melting at the interface between the PVD and EBH layers. In this context, the extent to which targeted utilization of these effects is relevant for the improvement of layer adhesion must be clarified. Key concerns of the 2nd project period further shall be the research of the mechanism of energy absorption by inhomogeneous absorption layers during EBH, as well as the examination of thermally induced phase transformations in Ti1-xAlxN. These transformations make possible the local modification by EB action of internal stresses and, therefore, of the layer hardness. The EBH treatment shall also be realized using the Flash technique, as opposed to the EB hardness field (CI Technique) used to date. Targeted one-dimensional heat dissipation can thus be realized for defined samples.

PVD层的优异特性，如高硬度和耐磨性，只能在具有足够承载能力的基材上开发，例如工具钢。在由较软钢（51CrV 4）制成的摩擦学应力部件上使用PVD层，需要额外的表面硬化。由于其独特的工艺特性-如高功率密度，灵活和高动态能量调制，以及在真空下处理-电子束硬化（EBH）非常适合确保局部，应力优化钢的承载能力的改善。该研究项目的主题是PVD涂层与后续EBH的创新结合。本课题的研究方法有两方面：一方面，通过EBH大幅度提高磁控溅射沉积Ti1-xAlxN层下衬底表面层的支撑功能，另一方面，深入研究该热输入对PVD层结构组成和性能的影响。在项目的第一阶段，关于Ti1-xAlxN的化学成分和层厚对其在EBH过程中的行为的影响取得了重大发现。在项目的第二期，科学原理将在有希望的层/ eb处理变化领域进一步深化，并将扩展到对这种表面层组合的微观结构和磨损行为有新的重要见解。在项目一期，可以控制开裂、剥落、分层等层缺陷的发生，但不能完全消除。伴随着内应力的数学模拟，应推导出这种损伤的原因，并生成量身定制的多层和分级层系统，以最大限度地减少对随后的EBH的损伤潜力。此外，应生产与应用相关厚度的无裂纹表面层组合。此外，还需要研究EB处理Ti1-xAlxN层所带来的不充分的现象，特别是在PVD和EBH层之间的界面处局部限制扩散和微熔化。在这种情况下，必须澄清有针对性地利用这些效果与改善层粘结力有关的程度。第二阶段的重点是研究非均匀吸收层在EBH过程中吸收能量的机理，以及Ti1-xAlxN中热诱导相变的研究。这些转变使内应力和层硬度的EB作用的局部改变成为可能。EBH处理也应使用Flash技术来实现，而不是迄今为止使用的EB硬度场（CI技术）。因此，可以对定义的样品实现有针对性的一维散热。

项目成果

Investigations of Electron Beam Hardening on TiAlN Coated Heat-Treatable Steel

TiAlN涂层热处理钢电子束淬火研究

• DOI: 10.1520/mpc20170025
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Materials Performance and Characterization
• 影响因子: 1.1
• 作者: Weigel;Keunecke;Bewilogua;Bräuer;Grumbt;Zenker;Biermann
• 通讯作者: Biermann

Electron beam hardening of PVD-coated steels — Improved load-supporting capacity for Ti1 − xAlxN layers

PVD 涂层钢的电子束硬化 â 提高 Ti1 â xAlxN 层的负载支撑能力

• DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.10.077
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Surface & Coatings Technology
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Grumbt;Zenker;Biermann;Weigel;Bewilogua;Bräuer
• 通讯作者: Bräuer

Influence of EB parameters on the temperature-time profile during EB hardening as a single or combined surface treatment

作为单一或组合表面处理的 EB 硬化过程中 EB 参数对温度-时间曲线的影响

• DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1089/1/012002
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of Physics: Conference Series
• 作者: Grumbt;Buchwalder A;Hengst;Hollmann;Zenker
• 通讯作者: Zenker

Effects of electron beam treatment on Ti(1−x)AlxN coatings on steel

电子束处理对钢上 Ti(1âx)AlxN 涂层的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2014.04.023
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Vacuum
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Weigel;Bewilogua;Keunecke;Bräuer;Grumbt;Zenker;Biermann
• 通讯作者: Biermann

Investigation of cracking prevention in magnetron-sputtered TiAlN coatings during subsequent electron beam hardening

• DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.12.042
• 发表时间: 2017-12
• 期刊: Surface & Coatings Technology
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: P. Hollmann;G. Grumbt;R. Zenker;H. Biermann;K. Weigel;K. Bewilogua;G. Bräuer