Integrating Computational Volcanology With Natural Deposits: An Investigation of Over-Water and Over-Land Volcanic Transport of the Kos Plateau Tuff

将计算火山学与自然沉积相结合：科斯高原凝灰岩水上和陆上火山迁移的调查

• 批准号: 0440391
• 负责人: George Bergantz
• 金额: $ 26.71万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0440391&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Integrating; Computational; Volcanology; Natural; Deposits

The goal of this project is to develop an integrated field and modeling study as a basis for a better understanding of how multiphase computational fluid dynamics modeling can be used to understand features of pyroclastic deposits. These types of deposits are the dominant expression of eruptive activity in the geological record, but existing field-based, qualitative techniques cannot reveal the full time-dependence of pyroclastic activity. This new model will implement a truly multiphase approach that is applicable over the entire range of solid volume fraction, from dilute to dense. This allows for one to consider all stages of the eruption simultaneously, and importantly, to address the mechanics of the formation of pyroclastic deposits. It is planned to focus on poorly understood pyroclastic flows that move over water. The field area is the well-mapped Kos Plateau Tuff (KPT), Greece that offers the opportunity to better understand both over-land and over-water eruption transport processes by comparison from a single eruptive episode. The results of the project will improve knowledge among volcanologists of the interplay of dynamic processes in explosive eruptions and will contribute directly to the ability to understand the reach and magnitude of some volcanic hazards. In terms of societal benefits, results deriving from this study will be of immediate interest to volcanic hazards planners. As part of the project, we will train students with a wide range of backgrounds, and expose them to an international research experience with collaborators in Pisa, Italy and Geneva, Switzerland.

该项目的目标是发展一个综合的现场和建模研究，作为更好地理解如何使用多相计算流体动力学建模来理解火山碎屑沉积特征的基础。这些类型的矿床是地质记录中火山喷发活动的主要表现形式，但现有的基于野外的定性技术无法揭示火山碎屑活动的完全时间依赖性。这种新模型将实现真正的多相方法，适用于整个固体体积分数范围，从稀到密。这使得人们可以同时考虑喷发的所有阶段，而且重要的是，可以解决火山碎屑沉积物形成的机制。计划将重点放在对水上移动的火山碎屑流知之甚少的地方。野外区域是绘制良好的希腊科斯高原凝灰岩（KPT），通过与单次喷发事件进行比较，可以更好地了解陆地上和水上喷发的运输过程。该项目的结果将提高火山学家对爆炸性喷发中动态过程相互作用的认识，并将直接有助于了解某些火山灾害的范围和程度。就社会效益而言，这项研究的结果将直接引起火山灾害规划者的兴趣。作为该项目的一部分，我们将培养具有广泛背景的学生，并让他们与意大利比萨和瑞士日内瓦的合作者一起获得国际研究经验。