History and Typology of Paper in Central Asia during the First Millennium AD: Analysis of Chinese Paper Manuscripts

公元一千年中亚纸张的历史和类型：中国纸质手稿分析

• 批准号: 169966949
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Michael Friedrich
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung für Sprache und Kultur Chinas
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/169966949?language=en
• 关键词: History; Typology; Paper; Central; Asia

Knowledge about paper, one of the most important inventions in human history, is very selective and fragmentary for the first millennium. The invention of paper is traced back to the Chinese sometime in the 2nd-1st centuries B.C. According to written record, paper manufacturing techniques were transferred westward to Arabia via Samarkand after A.D. 751. Papermaking abilities then spread slowly from Islamic Asia to Europe and next, around the world, but there is little evidence for the developments in China and Central Asia. Research on manuscripts dated before the 10th century A.D. and found along the Silk Road will be a valuable source to reconstruct this decisive period in early papermaking history.The goal of this project will be achieved through a multi-faceted approach: a) by studying the ancient manuscripts and creating a paper typology, b) by field study of papermaking plants and their distribution in Central Asia present and past, and c) by developing a terminology on paper production in China with respect to Western professional literature, and compiling a bibliography on papermaking in East Asian languages. Technological aspects such as records of paper components and other features of preserved manuscripts will be used as independent records alternative to written sources. All results achieved will be organized and presented in a data base.

纸是人类历史上最重要的发明之一，在第一个千年里，关于纸的知识是非常有选择性和零碎的。纸的发明可以追溯到公元前2 - 1世纪的某个时候，根据书面记录，造纸技术在公元751年后通过撒马尔罕向西转移到阿拉伯半岛。造纸能力从伊斯兰亚洲慢慢传播到欧洲，然后传播到世界各地，但几乎没有证据表明中国和中亚的发展。对公元世纪之前的手稿进行研究，并在丝绸之路沿着发现，将是重建早期造纸史上这一决定性时期的宝贵资源。本项目的目标将通过多方面的方法实现：a）通过研究古代手稿和创建纸张类型学，B）通过实地研究造纸植物及其在中亚现在和过去的分布，（3）参照西方专业文献，发展中国造纸术语，并编制东亚语言造纸文献目录。技术方面，如纸张成分的记录和保存手稿的其他特征，将被用作替代书面来源的独立记录。所有取得的成果将在数据库中加以整理和介绍。