The influence of typology and microvariation in L3: The case of the interplay of Cantonese, Mandarin and English in comparative constructions

本研究考察了L3文献中尚未广泛研究的语言组合：广东话、普通话和英语。具体来说，我们将研究这三种语言的比较结构，为检验习得研究中的两个基础问题提供一个独特的平台：基于类型学或语言相似性的迁移方向性，以及刺激匮乏导致的易学性问题。基于这些发现，我还希望讨论两种主要L3假设的含义：类型学首因模型（Rothman, 2011）和语言邻近模型（Westergaard et al., 2017）。

This study examines language combinations that have not been widely studied within L3 literature: Cantonese, Mandarin and English. Specifically, the comparative structures in the three languages will be studied, offering a unique platform to test two underpinning questions on acquisition studies: the directionality of transfer based on typological or linguistic similarities, and the learnability problem by Poverty of Stimulus. With findings based on these, I also look to discuss the implications for two main kinds of L3 hypotheses: The Typological Primacy Model (Rothman, 2011) and The Linguistic Proximity Model (Westergaard et al., 2017).