Development and Field Validation of Innovative Instrumentation for Measurement and Partitioning of Ecosystem Carbon Exchange Using Isotopic Fluxes of CO2 Species

使用二氧化碳同位素通量测量和分配生态系统碳交换的创新仪器的开发和现场验证

• 批准号: 0456241
• 负责人: Daniel Murnick
• 金额: $ 74.24万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0456241&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Field; Validation; Innovative; Instrumentation

This award supports the development field-capable instrumentation capable of high frequency (10 Hz) sampling of isotopic fluxes of carbon dioxide (12CO2 and 13CO2). Study of atmospheric gases, atmospheric chemistry, and global carbon cycle would greatly benefit from the availability of instrumentation capable of accurate, precise, and high-speed measurements of isotopic fluxes. The instrumentation will enable long-term measurement of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon with concurrent, real-time partitioning of NEE into its photosynthetic and respiratory components when coupled to existing high frequency eddy covariance (EC) micrometeorological techniques. The interdisciplinary development team includes a physicist expert in use of lasers in stable isotope analysis, an ecosystem modeler with extensive field experience, and a plant ecophysiologist specializing in leaf-level photosynthetic gas exchange. The team will expand the capabilities of a new laser-based stable carbon isotope analysis system (acronym LARA) and to perform validating field experiments. The LARA technique is based on the existence of large isotope shifts in molecular spectra, the use of fixed frequency isotopic lasers and sensitive detection via the laser optogalvanic effect. The effort will involve the participation of post doctoral associates, graduate and undergraduate students of physics, biological and environmental science and high school interns who will be trained in optical science, measurement science, biometeorology, environmental physics and ecology. Undergraduate and graduate courses taught by the faculty participants will include trips to the field site and exercises utilizing data gathered during the project.

该奖项支持开发能够对二氧化碳（12CO2和13CO2）同位素通量进行高频（10 Hz）采样的现场可用仪器。大气气体、大气化学和全球碳循环的研究将极大地受益于能够准确、精确和高速测量同位素通量的仪器。该仪器将能够长期测量碳的净生态系统交换（NEE），同时将NEE实时划分为光合和呼吸成分，并与现有的高频涡动协方差（EC）微气象技术相结合。 跨学科的开发团队包括一位在稳定同位素分析中使用激光的物理学家专家，一位具有丰富现场经验的生态系统建模师，以及一位专门研究叶片光合气体交换的植物生态生理学家。该团队将扩大新的基于激光的稳定碳同位素分析系统（缩写LARA）的能力，并进行验证现场实验。LARA技术基于分子光谱中存在大的同位素位移，使用固定频率的同位素激光器和通过激光光电流效应进行灵敏检测。这项工作将涉及博士后助理、物理学、生物学和环境科学的研究生和本科生以及高中实习生的参与，他们将接受光学科学、测量科学、生物计量学、环境物理学和生态学方面的培训。由教师参与者教授的本科生和研究生课程将包括实地考察和利用项目期间收集的数据进行练习。