IDBR : TYPE B Development of a Laser Based Benchtop Radiocarbon Analyzer

IDBR：B 型激光台式放射性碳分析仪的开发

• 批准号: 1454918
• 负责人: Daniel Murnick
• 金额: $ 70.34万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University Newark
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1454918&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IDBR; TYPE; Development; Laser; Based

An award is made to Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in Newark for the Development of a Laser Based Benchtop Radiocarbon Analyzer, a system to be used for the detection of very small quantities of Carbon 14. Broader impacts of the instrument development project are varied and span many areas: drug metabolism analysis, carbon dating, and environmental monitoring are particularly important. In the pharmaceutical area, microdosing methodology where non-therapeutic trace doses of labeled drugs are used to safely obtain pharmacokinetic information on new drugs will benefit from the developed instrument which will lower costs, speed up drug trials and make new drugs safer. For environmental monitoring, because the analyzer can accommodate a continuous flow of carbon dioxide, continuous air or soil gas monitoring heretofore impossible will become feasible and allow more robust monitoring of fossil fuel carbon in the biosphere. Important to the instrument development project is outreach to a broad user community and to potential commercial partners. Using methodology learned in the NSF I-CORPS program this bridging development project will expedite commercialization of the instrument via private sector manufacturing, sales and service. The highly diverse student body at Rutgers in Newark will be exposed to the project which may influence their career decisions; and qualified students will participate in development projects. Technology transfer success will benefit the wider scientific enterprise by illustrating the value of fundamental physical research in solving societal problems. Government and private sector funding will be sought for technology transfer and broad scale commercialization.The use of Radiocarbon or Carbon 14 (C-14) as a tracer is very widely accepted in many areas of science. Because it is a "natural" label of living systems it is often used for carbon dating of once living samples and also for tracing carbon in the atmosphere/biosphere system. Labeling with 14C is especially important in drug development and environmental studies as well as in basic research associated with metabolism. Traditional instrument systems to quantify C-14 still depend on the detection of a nuclear decay event, a highly inefficient process which requires the use of either high levels of radioactivity, large samples, long counting times, or some combination of each. Greatly enhanced sensitivity, now only possible with large centralized particle accelerator technology, is necessary for low dose and small sample tracer studies, for long-term metabolic studies, for drug dissemination studies and for environmental monitoring. The laser-based instrument to be developed in this project can provide the required high sensitivity, with the simplicity of radiation counting, in a benchtop analyzer capable of being used by a laboratory technician. Such high sensitivity will reduce the costs associated with drug metabolism studies and allow human tracer testing with little radiation exposure. Engineering, algorithm and calibration simplification will improve the precision and throughput allowing the widespread use and commercialization of the technology.

位于纽瓦克的新泽西州立大学罗格斯大学因开发基于激光的台式放射性碳分析仪而获奖，该系统用于检测非常少量的碳14。仪器开发项目的更广泛影响是多种多样的，涉及许多领域：药物新陈代谢分析、碳年代测定和环境监测尤为重要。在制药领域，使用非治疗性微量标签药物来安全地获取新药的药代动力学信息的微量给药方法将受益于所开发的仪器，它将降低成本，加快药物试验，并使新药更安全。对于环境监测，由于分析仪可以适应二氧化碳的连续流动，因此迄今为止不可能进行的连续空气或土壤气体监测将变得可行，并允许对生物圈中的化石燃料碳进行更强有力的监测。对仪器开发项目来说，重要的是与广大用户群体和潜在的商业伙伴进行接触。利用在NSF I-Corps计划中学到的方法，这一过渡开发项目将通过私营部门的制造、销售和服务来加速仪器的商业化。纽瓦克罗格斯大学高度多样化的学生群体将接触到该项目，这可能会影响他们的职业决定；合格的学生将参与发展项目。技术转让的成功将使更广泛的科学事业受益，因为它说明了基础物理研究在解决社会问题方面的价值。政府和私营部门将寻求资金用于技术转让和广泛的商业化。在许多科学领域，使用放射性碳或碳14(C-14)作为示踪剂被广泛接受。因为它是生命系统的“天然”标签，它经常被用来对曾经活着的样品进行碳测年，也被用来追踪大气/生物圈系统中的碳。14C标记在药物开发和环境研究以及与新陈代谢相关的基础研究中特别重要。量化C-14的传统仪器系统仍然依赖于核衰变事件的探测，这是一个效率极低的过程，需要使用高水平放射性、大样本、长计数时间或两者的某种组合。大幅提高灵敏度是低剂量和小样本示踪研究、长期代谢研究、药物传播研究和环境监测所必需的，现在只有使用大型集中式粒子加速器技术才能实现。本项目将开发的基于激光的仪器可以在实验室技术人员能够使用的台式分析仪中提供所需的高灵敏度，并具有辐射计数的简单性。如此高的灵敏度将降低与药物代谢研究相关的成本，并允许进行人体示踪剂测试，而辐射暴露很少。工程、算法和校准的简化将提高精度和产量，从而使该技术得到广泛使用和商业化。