DISSERTATION RESEARCH: An Experimental Demographic Approach to Exotic Plant Success: Cynoglossum Officinale in its Native and Introduced Ranges

论文研究：外来植物成功的实验性人口统计学方法：本土和引进地区的冰舌兰

• 批准号: 0508102
• 负责人: John Maron
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Montana
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0508102&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Experimental; Demographic; Approach

A central mystery in ecology concerns how some exotic plants that are rare in their native range attain staggeringly high densities where they have been introduced. This research examines this problem with a study of an introduced weed in western North America, houndstongue (Cynoglossum officinale), both in its introduced range in Montana and its native range in Germany. The research involves two components. First, through long-term demographic monitoring of plants in both ranges, the life stages (i.e. seeds, seedlings, adult plants) that most limit population growth of houndstongue in each range will be quantified. Second, parallel experiments in the native and introduced range will be used to explore the relative roles of three factors that may contribute to houndstongue's increased success in North America: increased disturbance and a greater response of the plant to this disturbance than in Europe; escape from specialist insect herbivores; and an ability to flower several times in the introduced range compared to only once in the native range. While many hypotheses have been proposed to explain what allows exotic plants to dominate native plant communities, few rigorous experimental tests exist. This research will provide one of the few quantitative tests of these mechanisms. In addition, by identifying which life stages limit population growth, the work will also provide guidance to management efforts to control this noxious weed.

生态学中的一个核心谜团是，一些在本土范围内罕见的外来植物是如何在它们被引入的地方达到惊人的高密度的。 本研究探讨了这个问题，在北美西部引进杂草，houndstongue（Cynoglossum officinale），无论是在蒙大拿州的引进范围和本土范围在德国的研究。 这项研究包括两个组成部分。 首先，通过对这两个范围内的植物进行长期人口监测，将量化每个范围内最限制猎犬种群增长的生命阶段（即种子，幼苗，成年植物）。 第二，平行实验在本地和引进的范围将被用来探索三个因素，可能有助于在北美的成功增加的相对作用：增加干扰和更大的反应，这种干扰的植物比在欧洲;逃离专业昆虫食草动物;和花几次在引进的范围相比，只有一次在本地范围的能力。虽然已经提出了许多假设来解释是什么让外来植物主导本地植物群落，但几乎没有严格的实验测试存在。 这项研究将为这些机制提供为数不多的定量测试。 此外，通过确定哪些生命阶段限制种群增长，这项工作还将为控制这种有毒杂草的管理工作提供指导。