Interacting Effects of Native Plant Diversity and Resource Availability on Plant Community Invasibility and Invader Impact

本土植物多样性和资源可用性对植物群落入侵性和入侵者影响的相互作用

• 批准号: 0318719
• 负责人: John Maron
• 金额: $ 36.89万
• 依托单位: University of Montana
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-02-01 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0318719&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interacting; Effects; Native; Plant; Diversity

ABSTRACTMaron, JohnUniversity of MontanaThe invasion of native plant communities by non-native plants is an increasing ecological and economic concern. Non-native plants degrade native communities; removal of these damaging non-native species from native communities conservatively costs this country over $8 billion annually. A major challenge for ecologists is to understand the factors that promote invasion by non-native species into native communities so that native systems can be managed to reduce the likelihood that exotic weeds can establish and spread. Our research will explore whether species-rich native grasslands are more difficult for non-native plants to invade than grasslands that contain fewer native species. Furthermore, we will examine how water availability interacts with native species diversity to influence community susceptibility to invasion and the magnitude of impact that non-native species have on native plants. We will create plant assemblages that vary in the number of native species within them. We will then introduce seeds of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), sulfur cinquefoil (Potentilla recta) and spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) into these assemblages. These widespread weeds are economically and ecologically damaging throughout the western U.S. Plots will receive ambient or supplemental water, a critically limiting resource in dry grasslands of the intermountain west. By manipulating resource availability in the context of a diversity-invasibility study, we will explore how native plant diversity and resource availability jointly influence the ease with which non-native species can enter native assemblages and the subsequent effect that these non-native species have on native plants.

蒙大拿州约翰马龙大学非本土植物对本土植物群落的入侵日益引起生态和经济方面的关注。非本土植物使本土社区退化；将这些有害的非本土物种从本土社区移除，保守地说，这个国家每年要花费超过80亿美元。生态学家面临的一个主要挑战是了解促进非本地物种入侵本地群落的因素，以便管理本地系统，降低外来杂草形成和传播的可能性。我们的研究将探索物种丰富的本土草原是否比含有较少本土物种的草原更难入侵非本土植物。此外，我们将研究水的可获得性如何与本地物种多样性相互作用，以影响群落对入侵的敏感性，以及非本地物种对本地植物的影响程度。我们将创建植物组合，这些植物组合中的本地物种数量各不相同。然后我们将把圣约翰草(贯叶金丝桃)、硫磺金雀花(Potentilla Recta)和斑点马尾草(Centaurea Maculosa)的种子引入这些组合中。这些广泛传播的杂草在整个美国西部都造成了经济和生态上的破坏。地块将获得环境或补充水，这是西部山间干旱草原的一种严重限制资源。通过在多样性-入侵性研究的背景下操纵资源可用性，我们将探索本土植物多样性和资源可用性如何共同影响非本土物种进入本土组合的容易程度，以及这些非本土物种对本土植物的后续影响。