Fractionating Facial Memory Processes

分割面部记忆过程

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0518800
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    --
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2005-08-01 至 2009-07-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Humans are amazingly proficient at rapidly perceiving facial identity, extracting facial expressions of emotion, and remembering individual physiognomies. These skills are critical for effective human interaction. This vital realm of cognitive expertise is situated at the intersection of memory and perception. However, the fact that many memory processes occur concurrently when we see a familiar image places serious constraints on their investigation. The next stage of advancement in memory research requires disentangling the plethora of processes that in combination influence memory performance. A cognitive neuroscience perspective on this problem is emphasized in this research project, which takes the investigation of facial memory as key for elucidating perceptual expertise and memory in general. The exquisite temporal precision of EEG measures is combined with sophisticated behavioral measures of memory to allow multiple memory processes and corresponding neurophysiological signals to be characterized independently. The specific memory phenomena under investigation include: (1) Remembering a person's face together with biographical information about that person and relevant personal experiences; (2) Recognizing a face as familiar in the absence of any additional memory retrieval; (3) Facilitated processing of a facial image ("priming") due to prior visual experience with the same face and in the absence of conscious remembering; (4) Similar unconscious memory based on conceptual rather than perceptual knowledge; and (5) Unconscious influences due to emotional facial expressions. Behavioral and electrophysiological results obtained as these 5 phenomena are dissociated from each other will help to sharpen theoretical conceptions of these complex memory phenomena by providing neural validation of these cognitive distinctions. Independent neural signals being characterized in this research are intended to show how these processes unfold in time when a face is viewed. These measures are opening the door for further inquiry into the fundamental characteristics of various memory phenomena, including conscious and nonconscious memory more generally. Electrical signals of memory, once identified, can then be used to determine which memory functions are operative in different situations, and how the various components operate interactively. Fruitful cross-disciplinary extensions include investigations of these memory phenomena in elderly and patient populations who show cognitive impairments in a subset of relevant storage and retrieval processes. EEG analyses will be used to generate more detailed hypotheses about neural processes and structures, which can then be tested using other neuroimaging methods, both with respect to accurate and inaccurate memory.A comprehensive scientific understanding of facial memory will have wide-ranging impact. By fractionating multiple aspects of facial memory, the research findings will provide insights into conceptions of various memorial influences on behavior, including but not limited to learning and memory in the classroom, in a court of law, in the acquisition of various cognitive skills, and in everyday interpersonal interactions. This project will publicize research to the general public, bring underrepresented groups into scientific research, train post-doctoral, graduate, and undergraduate students, and develop implications for treating disease-related memory disorders and normal memory decline in aging. Better use of eyewitness testimony, of computerized facial identification, and of memory for people generally, will come from improved comprehension of the multiple facets of facial memory examined and characterized in the research.
人类在快速识别面部身份、提取面部情绪表情和记忆个体面相方面非常精通。这些技能对于有效的人际交往至关重要。这个重要的认知专业领域位于记忆和感知的交叉点。然而,当我们看到熟悉的图像时,许多记忆过程同时发生,这一事实严重限制了它们的研究。记忆研究的下一个进步阶段需要解开影响记忆性能的过多过程的纠缠。本研究项目强调从认知神经科学的角度来研究这一问题,将面部记忆的研究作为阐明知觉经验和一般记忆的关键。脑电图测量的精细时间精度与复杂的记忆行为测量相结合,使多个记忆过程和相应的神经生理信号能够独立表征。所研究的具体记忆现象包括:(1)记住一个人的面孔以及此人的传记信息和相关的个人经历;(2)在没有任何额外记忆检索的情况下,识别熟悉的面孔;(3)由于先前对同一张脸的视觉经验和在没有有意识记忆的情况下,促进了面部图像的加工(“启动”);(4)基于概念性而非感性知识的相似无意识记忆;(5)情绪性面部表情的无意识影响。当这5种现象相互分离时获得的行为和电生理结果将有助于通过对这些认知差异的神经验证来强化这些复杂记忆现象的理论概念。在这项研究中,独立的神经信号被表征,目的是显示当人们看到一张脸时,这些过程是如何及时展开的。这些措施为进一步研究各种记忆现象的基本特征打开了大门,包括更普遍的有意识和无意识记忆。记忆的电信号一旦被识别,就可以用来确定哪些记忆功能在不同的情况下是有效的,以及不同的组成部分是如何相互作用的。富有成效的跨学科扩展包括对老年人和在相关存储和检索过程中表现出认知障碍的患者群体的这些记忆现象的研究。脑电图分析将用于产生关于神经过程和结构的更详细的假设,然后可以使用其他神经成像方法进行测试,包括关于准确和不准确的记忆。对面部记忆的全面科学理解将产生广泛的影响。通过对面部记忆的多个方面进行分类,研究结果将提供对各种记忆对行为影响的概念的见解,包括但不限于课堂上、法庭上、各种认知技能的获得以及日常人际交往中的学习和记忆。该项目将向公众宣传研究成果,将代表性不足的群体纳入科学研究,培养博士后、研究生和本科生,并为治疗与疾病相关的记忆障碍和衰老过程中的正常记忆衰退提供启示。更好地利用目击者证词、计算机化的面部识别以及人们的一般记忆,将来自于对研究中所考察和描述的面部记忆的多个方面的更好理解。

项目成果

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Ken Paller其他文献

Ken Paller的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Ken Paller', 18)}}的其他基金

NSF/BSF: New Approaches to Understanding and Enhancing Human Learning and Memory Consolidation
NSF/BSF:理解和增强人类学习和记忆巩固的新方法
  • 批准号:
    2048681
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Learning, Creative Problem-Solving, REM Sleep, and Dreaming
学习、创造性解决问题、快速眼动睡眠和做梦
  • 批准号:
    1921678
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Studies of memory reactivation during sleep using intracranial recordings
使用颅内记录研究睡眠期间的记忆重新激活
  • 批准号:
    1829414
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
NCS-FO: Collaborative Research: Sleep's role in determining the fate of individual memories
NCS-FO:合作研究:睡眠在决定个体记忆命运中的作用
  • 批准号:
    1533512
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Manipulating and Classifying Memory Processing during Sleep
睡眠期间的记忆处理操作和分类
  • 批准号:
    1461088
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Strategically strengthening declarative memories during sleep
在睡眠期间有策略地强化陈述性记忆
  • 批准号:
    1025697
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Influences of Perceptual Fluency on Explicit Testing of Recognition Memory
知觉流畅性对识别记忆外显测试的影响
  • 批准号:
    0818912
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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FlexNIR-PD: A resource efficient UK-based production process for patented flexible Near Infrared Sensors for LIDAR, Facial recognition and high-speed data retrieval
FlexNIR-PD:基于英国的资源高效生产工艺,用于 LIDAR、面部识别和高速数据检索的专利柔性近红外传感器
  • 批准号:
    10098113
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Collaborative R&D
Affective Computing Models: from Facial Expression to Mind-Reading
情感计算模型:从面部表情到读心术
  • 批准号:
    EP/Y03726X/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
3DFace@Home: A pilot study for robust and highly accurate facial 3D reconstruction from mobile devices for facial growth monitoring at home
3DFace@Home:一项通过移动设备进行稳健且高精度面部 3D 重建的试点研究,用于家庭面部生长监测
  • 批准号:
    EP/X036642/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
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Affective Computing Models: from Facial Expression to Mind-Reading ("ACMod")
情感计算模型:从面部表情到读心术(“ACMod”)
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    EP/Z000025/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
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三叉神経領域のFacial Coolingによる慢性呼吸器疾患患者の呼吸困難感の軽減
通过三叉神经区域的面部冷却减轻慢性呼吸系统疾病患者的呼吸困难感
  • 批准号:
    24K13599
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    2024
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    --
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    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Implicit Neural Representations for Facial Animation
面部动画的隐式神经表示
  • 批准号:
    2889954
  • 财政年份:
    2023
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Collaborative Research: CCSS: Continuous Facial Sensing and 3D Reconstruction via Single-ear Wearable Biosensors
合作研究:CCSS:通过单耳可穿戴生物传感器进行连续面部传感和 3D 重建
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    2401415
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Examination of the psychophysiological mechanism of facial skin blood flow in emotion processing and its clinical application
情绪处理中面部皮肤血流的心理生理机制探讨及其临床应用
  • 批准号:
    22KJ2717
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Interdisciplinary perspectives on oral and facial pain and headache: unravelling the complexities for improved understanding, prevention, and management
关于口腔和面部疼痛和头痛的跨学科视角:揭示改善理解、预防和管理的复杂性
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