Affective Space: Social Influences in Perception

情感空间：感知中的社会影响

• 批准号: 0518835
• 负责人: Gerald Clore
• 金额: $ 57.48万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0518835&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Affective; Space; Social; Influences; Perception

Unlike social judgments, perceptual judgments are anchored in concrete reality and are thought to be independent of social context. However, recent investigations suggest that even perceptions of physical space can be influenced by the social and emotional context. The proposed research explores such social and affective factors in perception. In contrast to traditional theories, ecological approaches suggest that perception may depend on contextual factors not previously considered. For example, some research shows that hills seem steeper to a person wearing a heavy backpack (Bhalla & Proffitt, 1999). Contextual factors influence perception because they are relevant to actions: A hill is harder to climb for an encumbered person, and thus, appears as steeper. In contrast to physical properties, such as the weight of a heavy backpack, not much is known about properties that are more "psychological," such as the social and affective nature of an interactive environment. Social and affective factors, such as being in a group or being in a good mood, are known to influence social judgments such as ratings of life satisfaction. The proposed research will explore whether perceptual judgments are similarly influenced by "the power of the situation." The goal of the proposed research is to determine to what extent perception is shaped by social and affective factors. Several studies will examine the influence of a number of different factors on estimates of distances to objects and slants of hills, such as whether another person is present, or what affective values judgment objects have. Building on this beginning, an additional outcome of the proposed research is the development of perceptual measures that reveal people's affective responses to various stimuli. That is, if people's feelings influence how they perceive distances to attitude objects, then it should also be the case that one can infer their attitudes from their perceived distances. By examining these hypotheses, we expect to get a glimpse of how social factors affect basic processes previously assumed to be insulated from such influences. The Broader Impact of the project includes educational experiences for the persons involved in the research, such as for the undergraduate and graduate students working on the project, as well as for research participants who will receive detailed information about the research as part of their debriefing after participation. This research promotes interdisciplinary as well as international collaboration. Findings from the project are expect to be broadly disseminated by the public media, because previous research by the investigators involved in the project has attracted considerable attention in the popular press. Findings involving participants' gender, racial and ethnic background will be informative in investigating the extent to which cultural differences in spatial behavior are associated with differences in spatial perception.

与社会判断不同，感性判断植根于具体的现实，被认为是独立于社会背景的。然而，最近的调查表明，即使是对物理空间的感知也会受到社会和情感环境的影响。拟议的研究探讨了感知中的社会和情感因素。与传统理论相反，生态学方法表明，感知可能取决于以前没有考虑过的背景因素。例如，一些研究表明，对于一个背着沉重背包的人来说，山似乎更陡（Bhalla Proffitt，1999）。情境因素影响感知，因为它们与行动相关：对于一个有障碍的人来说，山更难爬，因此看起来更陡峭。与物理属性（如沉重的背包的重量）相比，人们对更“心理”的属性（如互动环境的社会和情感性质）知之甚少。众所周知，社会和情感因素，如在一个群体中或处于良好的情绪中，会影响社会判断，如生活满意度的评级。 本研究将探讨知觉判断是否同样受到“情境力量”的影响。“拟议研究的目标是确定感知在多大程度上受到社会和情感因素的影响。几项研究将考察许多不同因素对物体距离和山丘倾斜度估计的影响，例如是否有另一个人在场，或者判断物体的情感价值。在此基础上，所提出的研究的另一个成果是开发感知措施，揭示人们对各种刺激的情感反应。也就是说，如果人们的感觉影响他们如何感知到态度对象的距离，那么也应该是这样，人们可以从他们感知的距离推断他们的态度。通过检验这些假设，我们希望能够了解社会因素如何影响以前被认为与这些影响绝缘的基本过程。 该项目的更广泛的影响包括参与研究的人员的教育经验，例如参与该项目的本科生和研究生，以及研究参与者，他们将收到有关研究的详细信息，作为参与后报告的一部分。这项研究促进了跨学科和国际合作。 该项目的调查结果预计将由公共媒体广泛传播，因为参与该项目的调查人员以前的研究已引起大众媒体的相当大的注意。涉及参与者的性别，种族和民族背景的调查结果将在调查空间行为的文化差异与空间感知差异的程度方面提供信息。