Nanotox: Cross-Media Environmental Transport, Transformation, and Fate of Manufactured Carbonaceous Nanomaterials

Nanotox：人造碳纳米材料的跨介质环境传输、转化和命运

• 批准号: 0537117
• 负责人: Linsey Marr
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0537117&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanotox; Cross; Media; Environmental; Transport

0537117 Marr Research that accounts for cross-media effects is needed to understand the environmental fate of manufactured nanomaterials. All known studies of manufactured nanomaterials in aquatic systems have used the pure, or "fresh," form of the compounds. However, nanoparticles that are released into the atmosphere undergo transformations (coagulation, coating, and reactions) that will change the particles' size, chemical composition, and surface properties. When these "aged" particles later deposit onto the earth's surface, they may have very different fates in the aquatic and terrestrial environments compared to the "fresh" compounds.Objectives: The overall objective of this research is to conduct a cross-media assessment of the transport, transformation, and fate of manufactured nanomaterials in atmospheric, aquatic, and terrestrial environments. A key component of the project is to examine how "fresh" versus atmospherically "aged" nanomaterials behave in aquatic and terrestrial systems. The experiments focus on carbonaceous nanomaterials (CNMs, including fullerenes, endohedral metallofullerenes, and carbon nanotubes) that are being produced in large quantities at a facility in Virginia.Experimental approach: In the first set of experiments, we will determine the mechanisms and rates at which airborne CNMs transform under naturally occurring conditions. In the second set of experiments, we will examine the interactions of both "fresh" and atmospherically "aged" CNMs with water and soil in order to evaluate their environmental transport and reactivity. Specific tasks are to (1) calibrate a photoemission detector for the fast, real-time detection of airborne CNMs; (2) quantify the rate of reaction of airborne CNMs with ozone; (3) age CNMs in an outdoor aerosol processing chamber; (4) evaluate transport of "fresh" and atmospherically "aged" CNMs in porous media; (5) develop CNM-functionalized atomic force microscope tips; and (6) characterize CNM interactions with soil surfaces in aquatic systems.

0537117为了理解人造纳米材料的环境命运，需要进行考虑跨介质效应的Marr研究。所有已知的在水生系统中使用人造纳米材料的研究都使用了纯的或“新鲜的”形式的化合物。然而，释放到大气中的纳米颗粒经历了转变(凝聚、涂层和反应)，这将改变颗粒的大小、化学成分和表面属性。当这些“老化的”颗粒后来沉积到地球表面时，它们在水生和陆地环境中的命运可能与“新鲜”化合物截然不同。目的：这项研究的总体目标是对人造纳米材料在大气、水生和陆地环境中的运输、转化和命运进行跨介质评估。该项目的一个关键组成部分是研究纳米材料在水生和陆地系统中的“新鲜”和“老化”行为。实验的重点是在弗吉尼亚州的一个设施中大量生产的碳质纳米材料(CNM，包括富勒烯、面体内金属富勒烯和碳纳米管)。实验方法：在第一组实验中，我们将确定空气中CNM在自然条件下转化的机制和速率。在第二组实验中，我们将研究“新鲜”和“大气老化”的CNM与水和土壤的相互作用，以评估它们在环境中的传输和反应性。具体任务是：(1)校准用于快速、实时检测空气中CNM的光电子探测器；(2)量化空气中CNM与臭氧的反应速率；(3)在室外气溶胶处理室中对CNM进行老化；(4)评估“新鲜”和大气中“老化”的CNM在多孔介质中的传输；(5)开发CNM功能化原子力显微镜提示；(6)表征CNM与水生系统中土壤表面的相互作用。