Role of Arabidopsis SFD1 in Systemic Acquired Resistance

系统获得性抗性是植物的一种诱导防御机制，可增强对广谱病原体的抗性。SAR的激活需要通过韧皮部进行未知因子的易位。拟南芥SFD1基因编码二羟丙酮磷酸（daha）还原酶，是合成合成SAR所需的基因。daha还原酶催化daha和甘油-3-磷酸的相互转化，为甘油脂的生物合成提供甘油骨架。脂质代谢在sfd1突变体中发生改变，表明一种脂质在SAR中起重要作用。本研究的长期目标是研究sfd1在SAR中的作用，从而验证上述假设。为了实现这些目标，将采用遗传、分子和生化方法相结合的方法来表征SFD1的生化功能。此外，在SAR激活过程中，sfd1衍生因子在韧皮部中的作用将通过一种新的生物测定方法与高灵敏度的质谱方法相结合来解决。该研究将极大地促进对SAR远距离信号的理解。该项目将提供一个极好的机会，通过将当前脂质代谢和植物胁迫反应的遗传、分子和生化基础知识带入课堂，将最先进的研究和教育结合起来。除了为研究生和博士后提供培训外，该项目还将吸引本科生参与生物科学研究，并扩大代表性不足群体的参与。特别是，一个非博士学位的本科生。每年夏天将会招募资助机构参与项目。这项工程的成果将对整个社会有潜在的好处。本研究发现的脂质可以为增强植物抗病能力提供新的靶点，从而限制有毒化学物质的利用来保护植物，从而改善我们的环境质量和健康。

Systemic acquired resistance is an inducible defense mechanism in plants that confers enhanced resistance against a broad-spectrum of pathogens. The activation of SAR requires the translocation of an unknown factor through the phloem. The Arabidopsis thaliana SFD1 gene, which encodes a dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) reductase, is required for SAR. DHAP reductases catalyze the interconversion of DHAP and glycerol-3-phosphate, which provides the glycerol backbone for glycerolipid biosynthesis. Lipid metabolism is altered in the sfd1 mutant, suggesting that a lipid(s) has an important role in SAR. The long-term objectives of this proposal are to study the role of SFD1 in SAR, thereby testing the above hypothesis. To achieve these objectives, a combination of genetic, molecular and biochemical approaches will be pursued to characterize the biochemical function of SFD1. In addition, the role of a SFD1-derived factor in the phloem during the activation of SAR will be addressed with a novel bioassay in combination with highly sensitive mass-spectrometric approaches. The proposed research will contribute greatly to the understanding of long-distance signaling in SAR. The project will provide an excellent opportunity to integrate state-of-the-art research and education by bringing current knowledge of lipid metabolism and the genetic, molecular and biochemical basis of plant stress responses into the classroom. In addition to providing training to graduate students and post doctoral fellows, this project will engage undergraduates in research in the biological sciences and broaden the participation of underrepresented groups. In particular, an undergraduate student from a non-Ph.D.-granting institution will be recruited to work on the project each summer. Results from this project will have potential benefits to society at large. The lipid(s) identified by the proposed study could provide new targets for enhancing disease resistance in plants, thus limiting the utilization of toxic chemicals to protect plants, thereby improving the quality of our environment and health.