CAREER: Multihazard Progressive Collapse Analysis of Structures

职业：结构的多灾害渐进倒塌分析

• 批准号: 0547503
• 负责人: Mehrdad Sasani
• 金额: $ 43.8万
• 依托单位: Northeastern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0547503&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Multihazard; Progressive; Collapse; Analysis

Abstract :Preventing progressive collapse in structures is a gravely important problem for society, particularly in light of recent terror attacks. This Career proposal presents an integrated research and education plan for analysis of progressive collapse of structures. Progressive collapse is a system-level phenomenon where the spread of an initial local failure results in the collapse of an entire structure, or a disproportionately large part of it. Progressive collapse resistant engineering requires knowledge of system-level behavior, but there is very little actual data because system-level tests are prohibitively expensive. This Career project will utilize innovative and low-cost methods to collect, use, and analyze field data from full-scale structures slated for demolition by implosion. Specifically, the PI will instrument and monitor the performance of five RC structures to be demolished by implosion during the grant period. A wealth of new data will be collected and form the basis of a framework for mitigating progressive collapse. Such an effort will be a major step forward for collapse resistance engineering and toward providing society with a physical infrastructure that is safe and robust.Data collected from full-scale experiments will be used to develop new knowledge in the following areas of system-level collapse behavior:1) Capacity: Failure criteria for reinforced concrete (RC) components and systems will be expanded to account for extreme deformations, system effects, and rate dependence; 2) Demand: Analytical techniques and tools for predicting post-failure response will be evaluated, verified, and improved; 3) Performance: Current practice for progressive collapse prevention will be evaluated and more reliable procedures will be developed; 4) Multihazard risk: Procedures will be developed to relate potential progressive collapse of structures subjected to man-made hazards and the design levels for natural hazards. The project will incorporate its research products into a comprehensive education plan targeting university students, practitioners of engineering and architecture, as well as high school teachers and students. The system-level nature of progressive collapse makes it imperative to include multiple disciplines, as well as multiple levels of understanding. The plan will address not only quantitative engineering tools but also qualitative conceptual reasoning. To enhance both types of understanding, the project will build on the user-friendly computer program Arcade. The extended program will be capable of three-dimensional analysis and visualization of response of structures up to collapse. A better understanding and assessment of the mechanisms used to arrest progressive collapse of structures, improving the design of new buildings and prioritizing buildings for rehabilitation may save numerous lives and money. University students will participate in an innovative annual competition for predicting collapse of small-scale RC models and learn about progressive collapse of structures by utilizing a new computer program. The program will also be used to train architects about the impact of architectural decisions on structural safety and collapse behavior. Workshops targeted to engineers and architects will be developed in collaboration with an advisory committee. An interactive website will be developed to report research outcomes and educational materials. In collaboration with CESAME and the Northeastern RET program, the website and related educational material will be introduced to high schools. This project will: 1) Conduct annual competitions for students to evaluate collapse of physical models of RC systems; 2)Provide engineers with the required understanding and tools for collapse analysis of structures; 3)Help architects learn about building characteristics affecting resistance to progressive collapse; 4) Develop modules and a mini-unit course to be taught in universities and high schools..

翻译后摘要：防止连续倒塌的结构是一个严重的社会问题，特别是在最近的恐怖袭击。该职业提案提出了一项用于分析结构逐渐倒塌的综合研究和教育计划。连续倒塌是一种系统级的现象，其中初始局部失效的传播导致整个结构的倒塌，或者不成比例的大部分结构的倒塌。抗连续倒塌工程需要系统级行为的知识，但是由于系统级测试过于昂贵，实际数据很少。这个职业项目将利用创新和低成本的方法来收集，使用和分析现场数据，从全尺寸的结构预定拆除内爆。具体而言，在资助期内，首席研究员会监察五个拟以内爆方式拆卸的钢筋混凝土构筑物的表现。将收集大量新数据，并形成减轻渐进式倒塌框架的基础。这项工作将是抗倒塌工程的重要一步，并为社会提供安全可靠的物理基础设施。从全尺寸实验中收集的数据将用于开发系统级倒塌行为的以下领域的新知识：1）容量：钢筋混凝土（RC）构件和系统的破坏准则将扩展到考虑极端变形、系统效应和速率相关性; 2）需求：将评估、验证和改进预测故障后响应的分析技术和工具; 3）性能：将评估当前预防连续倒塌的做法，并制定更可靠的程序; 4）多灾害风险：将制定程序，将受到人为灾害的结构的潜在连续倒塌与自然灾害的设计水平联系起来。该项目将把其研究成果纳入针对大学生、工程和建筑从业人员以及高中教师和学生的综合教育计划。渐进式崩溃的系统级性质使其必须包括多个学科，以及多个层次的理解。该计划不仅涉及定量工程工具，还涉及定性概念推理。为了加强这两种类型的理解，该项目将建立在用户友好的计算机程序拱廊。扩展后的程序将能够三维分析和可视化的结构响应崩溃。 更好地了解和评估用于阻止建筑物连续倒塌的机制，改进新建筑物的设计，并优先修复建筑物，可能会挽救许多人的生命和金钱。大学生将参加一个创新的年度比赛，预测小规模的钢筋混凝土模型的倒塌，并通过利用一个新的计算机程序学习结构的逐步倒塌。该计划还将用于培训建筑师关于建筑决策对结构安全和倒塌行为的影响。将与一个咨询委员会合作，为工程师和建筑师举办讲习班。将开发一个互动网站，报告研究成果和教育材料。与CENTRAL和东北RET项目合作，该网站和相关教育材料将被介绍给高中。该项目将：1）为学生举办年度竞赛，以评估RC系统物理模型的倒塌; 2）为工程师提供结构倒塌分析所需的理解和工具; 3）帮助建筑师了解影响连续倒塌阻力的建筑特征; 4）开发模块和微型单元课程，在大学和高中教授。