CAREER: Novel Manifestations of Cooper Pairing and Decoherence in Elementary Qubits

技术摘要：该职业奖支持纳米级凝聚态物理和量子相干控制的基础理论研究和教育。研究将集中在（i）超越绝热制度的非平衡超流性，（ii）纳米级固态器件中量子态的腐败，以及（iii）超导体-绝缘体转变附近的超导配对。PI的目的是发展这些现象的可靠理论，并通过与实验进行详细的定量比较来验证它们。研究部分的重点包括：系统地识别现有量子位设计的优势和局限性。发展退相干理论的基础，由于与自旋环境的相互作用，。发展了超导体-绝缘体转变附近的超导性微观理论，解释并预测了无序超导体中的一系列不寻常现象。发展超越绝热状态的非稳态库珀配对的综合理论。超流性和超导性的研究，以及纳米物理学提供了极好的教育和推广机会。PI计划开发一个关于介观和纳米级物理学的研究生课程和一个推广计划：“纳米级物理学的承诺”。"该项目是与PI的科学教育学同事合作设计的，旨在培养中学和本科生对现代纳米物理学的理解，以培养更有科学素养的公众。非技术概述：该职业奖支持纳米级凝聚态物理学和量子相干控制的基础理论研究和教育。 这项工作的一个重点在于研究如何创建和操纵特定的量子力学状态。 这些状态本身发生在纳米级超导体、被困超冷原子和强相关电子材料中，它们的性质本身就具有基本的科学兴趣。这项工作的重点，部分是了解这些国家，这打开了潜在的技术网关，例如，在计算的新范式。这项工作的另一个重点是推进对物理机制的理解，这些机制可以击败利用量子力学状态操纵其操作的设备。PI将专注于电子自旋的状态，这被认为是固态材料中最有前途的量子计算。超流性和超导性的研究，以及纳米物理学提供了极好的教育和推广机会。PI计划开发一个关于介观和纳米级物理学的研究生课程和一个推广计划：“纳米级物理学的承诺”。“与PI的科学教育学同事合作设计的推广计划旨在培养中学和本科生课堂对现代纳米物理学的欣赏，以期创造一个更具科学素养的公众。

TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This CAREER award supports fundamental theoretical research and education in condensed matter physics on the nanoscale and on quantum coherence control. Research will be focused on (i) nonequilibrium superfluidity beyond the adiabatic regime, (ii) corruption of quantum states in nanoscale solid-state devices, and (iii) superconducting pairing near the superconductor-insulator transition. The PI aims to develop reliable theories of these phenomena and to verify them by detailed quantitative comparison with experiments. The focus of the research component includes:. systematic identification of the strengths and limitations of existing qubit designs,. developing the fundamentals of the theory of decoherence due to interaction with spin-like environments,. developing a microscopic theory of superconductivity near the superconductor-insulator transition, which explains and predicts a range of unusual phenomena in disordered superconductors,. Developing a comprehensive theory of non-stationary Cooper pairing beyond the adiabatic regime.The study of superfluidity and superconductivity, and nanoscale physics provides excellent educational and outreach opportunities. The PI plans to develop a graduate course on mesoscopic and nanoscale physics and an outreach program: "The Promise of Physics on the Nanoscale." The outreach program, designed in collaboration with the PI's colleagues in science pedagogy, aims to nurture an appreciation of modern nanophysics in secondary school and undergraduate classrooms with a view towards creating a more scientifically literate general public.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This CAREER award supports fundamental theoretical research and education in condensed matter physics on the nanoscale and quantum coherenece control. One focus of this work lies in the study of how particular quantum mechanical states can be created and manipulated. The states themselves occur in nanoscale superconductors, trapped ultracold atoms, and strongly correlated electron materials, and their nature is of fundamental scientific interest in their own right. This effort focuses, in part, on understanding such states, which open potential technological gateways, for example, new paradigms in computing. Another focus of this work is to advance understanding of the physical mechanisms that can defeat a device that exploits the manipulation of quantum mechanical states for its operation. The PI will focus on states made from electron spins, which are regarded as among the most promising for quantum computation in solid-state materials.The study of superfluidity and superconductivity, and nanoscale physics provides excellent educational and outreach opportunities. The PI plans to develop a graduate course on mesoscopic and nanoscale physics and an outreach program: "The Promise of Physics on the Nanoscale." The outreach program, designed in collaboration with the PI's colleagues in science pedagogy, aims to nurture an appreciation of modern nanophysics in secondary school and undergraduate classrooms with a view towards creating a more scientifically literate general public.