Spinor Bose Condensate and Multi-Component Quantum Gases

提出的项目解决了具有内部自由度的量子气体中的一些基本问题：量子自旋动力学的一般特征，这些动力学在单阱、光学晶格和低维环境中的表现。这些研究与美国和国外许多实验室的实验项目直接相关。该提案的另一个主要工作是研究新发现的52Cr玻色偶极凝聚体的旋量物理。由于这些体系中存在非常大的自旋依赖相互作用，这些体系中的旋量凝聚物与碱气体中的旋量凝聚物有很大的不同。由于这种偶极凝聚体在旋量态中具有极其丰富的物理性质，因此Tilman Pfau的团队（发现Cr凝聚体的团队）正在进行实验，以达到旋量态。另一个探索领域是大自旋费米气体（如40K和53Cr）的自旋物理。所有这些项目都旨在提高我们对量子气体基本特性的概念理解。他们还探索可能的新阶段。

The projects proposed address a number of fundamental issues in quantum gases with internal degrees of freedom: general features of quantum spin dynamics, the manifestation of these dynamics in single trap, in optical lattice, and low dimensional environment. These studies are directly related to the experimental projects in many laboratories in US and abroad. Another major effort in this proposal is to study the spinor physics of the newly found 52Cr Bose dipolar condensate. The spinor condensates in these systems will be very different from those in the alkali gases due to the very large spin-dependent interactions in these systems. Because the exceedingly rich physics of this dipolar condensate in the spinor regime, experiments are now underway in Tilman Pfau's group (which discovered the Cr condensate) to reach the spinor regime. Another area of exploration is the spinor physics of large spin Fermi gases such as 40K and 53Cr. All these projects aim at advancing our conceptual understanding of the fundamental properties of quantum gases. They also explore possible new phases.