The Oceans and Human Health, Oceanography, Vol 19, No 2

海洋与人类健康，海洋学，第 19 卷，第 2 期

• 批准号: 0603753
• 负责人: Jennifer Ramarui
• 金额: $ 5.97万
• 依托单位: Oceanography Society
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0603753&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Oceans; Human; Health; Oceanography; Vol

The 1.2 billion cubic kilometers of ocean are a major component of Earth's dynamic climate system. The coastal ocean, in particular, which occupies only about 10% of the global ocean area, is the primary zone of human habitation in the United States and other coastal nations. The ocean margins are economically important as the location of activities such as fish harvest, sand and gravel mining, waste disposal, hydrocarbon extraction, and recreation. In the coastal zone in particular, the influence of humans on the ocean, and the oceans on humans, is strongly felt by each.With funding from this award, The Oceanography Society (TOS) will publish a special issue of Oceanography magazine dedicated to the newly established research field of "the ocean and human health. These papers, which will be solicited from a group of world-class experts, will inform readers about the important issues and range of research being conducted on this very important topic. The initial paper in this special issue will describe the importance of interdisciplinary, comparative studies and will outline the issues, emphasizing their risks and benefits. Following overall description of the issues will be a paper that reviews the existing national and international forecasting and modeling systems and disaster response. The next several papers will describe various natural events and their role in the oceans and human health: hurricanes and tsunamis; global change; and atmospheric issues (e.g., dust). Human intervention in the oceans and their impact on water quality and human health will be covered next: coastal impacts, pollutants, and harmful algal blooms. Lastly, the positive side of the oceans and human health issue will be covered in papers on the benefits from the seas, such as new pharmaceuticals and useful chemical compounds. Each article will include a case study that will showcase a specific topic, for example, Hurricane Katrina, cholera, Inuits and mercury, and aerosol HAB research.A number of significant broader impacts will be forthcoming. One of the principal missions of The Oceanography Society is to foster cross-disciplinary understanding and interaction. One of the ways the Society achieves this goal is through publishing special issues of its magazine, Oceanography. Special issues enable coverage of a single theme from many different angles. Articles are written in language that is accessible to a broad scientific audience, and also scientifically literate non-specialists. In this way, further discussion and discovery among scientists are enabled, and information can be easily extracted and used by decision-makers. Oceanography is published four times per year (March, June, September, December), with issues going to the membership of TOS worldwide as well as to libraries at major oceanographic institutions. TOS membership represents all disciplines of oceanography as well as ocean technology. Approximately 15% of its members are non-US scientists and institutions from 38 countries. For this special issue in particular, scientific managers

12亿立方公里的海洋是地球动态气候系统的主要组成部分。尤其是仅占全球海洋面积10%左右的沿海海洋，是美国等沿海国家人类的主要居住区。海洋边缘作为鱼类捕捞、砂石开采、废物处理、碳氢化合物开采和娱乐等活动的所在地具有重要的经济意义。特别是在沿海地区，人类对海洋以及海洋对人类的影响是每个人都强烈感受到的。在该奖项的资助下，海洋学协会（TOS）将出版一期《海洋学》杂志特刊，专门讨论新建立的研究领域“海洋与人类健康”。这些论文将向一群世界级专家征集，向读者介绍在这一非常重要的领域正在进行的重要问题和研究范围。 主题。本期特刊的第一篇论文将描述跨学科比较研究的重要性，并概述问题，强调其风险和收益。在对这些问题进行总体描述之后，将有一篇论文回顾现有的国家和国际预测和建模系统以及灾害响应。接下来的几篇论文将描述各种自然事件及其在海洋和人类健康中的作用：飓风和海啸；全球变化；和大气问题（例如灰尘）。人类 接下来将讨论对海洋的干预及其对水质和人类健康的影响：沿海影响、污染物和有害藻华。最后，关于海洋的好处的论文将涵盖海洋和人类健康问题的积极方面，例如新药物和有用的化合物。每篇文章都将包括一个案例研究，展示一个特定的主题，例如卡特里娜飓风、霍乱、因纽特人和 汞和气溶胶 HAB 研究。即将出现一些更广泛的重大影响。 海洋学会的主要使命之一是促进跨学科的理解和互动。该学会实现这一目标的方法之一是出版其杂志《海洋学》的特刊。特刊可以从多个不同角度报道同一主题。文章以广大科学读者易于理解且具有科学素养的语言撰写 非专家。通过这种方式，科学家之间可以进行进一步的讨论和发现，决策者可以轻松提取和使用信息。 《海洋学》每年出版四期（三月、六月、九月、十二月），发行给全球 TOS 会员以及主要海洋学机构的图书馆。 TOS 成员代表海洋学和海洋技术的所有学科。大约 15% 的成员是非美国科学家 来自 38 个国家的机构。特别是对于本期特刊，科学管理者