Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health

伍兹霍尔海洋与人类健康中心

• 批准号: 10644503
• 负责人: JOHN J STEGEMAN
• 金额: $ 5.33万
• 依托单位: WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-30 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10644503
• 关键词: Achievement; Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Awareness; Behavioral; Brain; Cells; Climate; Collaborations; Communication; Community Health; Companions; Data; Detection; Development; Ecosystem; Education; Educational Materials; Ensure; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluation; Exposure to; Fostering; Future; Goals; Growth; Habitats; Health; Human; In Situ; Infrastructure; K-12 Education; Knowledge; Laboratory Study; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Maine; Microscope; Mission; Modeling; Molecular; Neuraxis; Neurotoxins; Oceans; Organism; Paralysed; Pattern; Performance; Physiological; Poisoning; Population; Population Dynamics; Prevalence; Process; Proxy; Public Health; Records; Recurrence; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk; Running; Sampling; Saxitoxin; Seafood; Shellfish; Structure; Students; Syndrome; Targeted Toxins; Technology; Toxic effect; Toxin; Uncertainty; Variant; Wood material; Zebrafish; climate change; climate data; climate impact; climate variability; community engagement; developmental toxicology; domoic acid; exposed human population; future climate scenario; harmful algal blooms; improved; insight; mortality; myelination; neurodevelopmental effect; neurotoxicity; novel; oligodendrocyte myelination; outreach; predictive modeling; programs; response; sensor; simulation; skills

The Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health (WHCOHH) will comprise a strong and integrated set of research projects using novel in situ sampling technologies and modeling approaches to address harmful algal bloom (HAB) dynamics, and mechanistic studies to expand understanding of HAB toxin effects. The overall objective is to protect the public health through enhanced understanding of how oceanic and environmental processes affect the population dynamics of toxin-producing organisms, and the risks from exposure to their potent neurotoxins, a serious and potentially growing human health threat. The Center will focus on two key HAB taxa: Alexandrium fundyense that produces the saxitoxins responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. that produce domoic acid responsible for amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) syndrome. Novel, targeted, efficient, and data-rich sampling approaches developed by the applicants and applied in situ have revealed that critical aspects of A. fundyense dynamics in natural settings differ dramatically from those inferred from laboratory studies, and identified plasticity in these processes. Project 1 will examine the physiological and behavioral factors of toxic Alexandrium species, and how plasticity in these factors may underlie population adaptation in different habitats and different environmental regimes. Project 2 will build on these new and fundamental insights into bloom regulation and develop models to predict impacts of climate variation on population dynamics of HAB threats. Variability in environmental forcing across years and among habitats will provide a proxy for future climate scenarios, revealing responses of HABs in natural ecosystems, a key step toward improving predictive skill for this recurrent public health risk, and quantify future risks. In companion studies we have identified specific cells in the developing brain in the zebrafish model that are targets of HAB toxins. The novel cellular mechanisms include effects of domoic acid on myelination of oligodendrocytes. We will define the consequences of developmental, low-level exposure to HAB toxins, and determine the effects of combined exposure to saxitoxin and domoic acid, and possible silent neurotoxicity, at different life stages, in the zebrafish model. The studies address the scope of toxin effects in the developing central nervous system, potentially linking developmental exposures to adult consequences. Novel linking of oceanic processes to human exposure will help define the human risk due to these novel mechanisms. The Center structure will facilitate integration of the research, and of research projects with education and community engagement activities, including with resource managers and other stakeholders. We also will improve awareness of emerging HAB issues for the public health community and develop new educational materials and interactive activities for K-12 classrooms, and for public outreach. An Administrative Core will create a structure encouraging open discussion of planning, integration, communication and engagement, and in which progress is rigorously evaluated.

伍兹霍尔海洋与人类健康中心 (WHCOHH) 将由一个强大且综合的机构组成 使用新颖的原位采样技术和建模方法来解决有害问题的研究项目 藻华 (HAB) 动力学和机制研究，以扩大对 HAB 毒素影响的了解。这 总体目标是通过加强对海洋和海洋环境的了解来保护公众健康。 环境过程影响产毒生物的种群动态，以及产生毒素的风险 接触其强效神经毒素，这是一种严重且可能日益严重的人类健康威胁。该中心将 重点关注两个关键的 HAB 类群： 亚历山大藻 (Alexandrium Fundyense)，其产生导致麻痹的石房蛤毒素 贝类中毒（PSP）和拟菱形藻属。产生导致健忘症的软骨藻酸 贝类中毒（ASP）综合征。开发了新颖、有针对性、高效且数据丰富的采样方法 申请人的研究和现场应用表明，A.fundyense 在自然环境中动态的关键方面 设置与实验室研究推断的设置有很大不同，并确定了这些设置的可塑性 流程。项目 1 将检查有毒亚历山大藻物种的生理和行为因素，以及 这些因素的可塑性如何成为不同栖息地和不同环境下种群适应的基础 环境制度。项目 2 将建立在这些关于水华调控的新的基本见解的基础上 开发模型来预测气候变化对 HAB 威胁种群动态的影响。变异性 多年来和栖息地之间的环境强迫将为未来的气候情景提供一个代理， 揭示自然生态系统中有害细菌的反应，这是提高预测能力的关键一步 经常性的公共卫生风险，并量化未来的风险。在同伴研究中，我们已经鉴定出特定的细胞 斑马鱼模型中正在发育的大脑是 HAB 毒素的目标。新颖的细胞机制 包括软骨藻酸对少突胶质细胞髓鞘形成的影响。我们将定义后果 发育过程中低水平暴露于 HAB 毒素，并确定综合暴露于石房蛤毒素的影响 在斑马鱼模型中，不同生命阶段的软骨藻酸以及可能的无声神经毒性。研究 解决毒素对发育中的中枢神经系统的影响范围，可能与发育相关 暴露于成人后果。将海洋过程与人类暴露联系起来的新颖方法将有助于定义 这些新机制造成的人类风险。该中心的结构将促进研究的整合，以及 与教育和社区参与活动相关的研究项目，包括与资源管理者的合作 和其他利益相关者。我们还将提高对公共卫生领域新出现的 HAB 问题的认识 社区并为 K-12 教室和公众开发新的教育材料和互动活动 外展。行政核心将创建一个鼓励对规划、整合、 沟通和参与，并严格评估进展情况。