Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Trace Element Analysis as a Guide to Exchange

丹妮尔湖位于圣克鲁斯的加州大学的Dadiego将进行一项研究，研究西班牙经济机构在边境地区的有效性。最近的研究阐明了土著群体为应对西班牙殖民主义而采取的各种行动，从与西班牙结盟寻求军事支持到在市场经济中开辟一个楔子。目前的工作已经考虑到跨文化，土著机构，持久性和自治的问题，然而，这些考试的重点是家庭或当地经济的规模，既没有地方土著代理人在一个更大的经济网络，也没有考虑在殖民经济背景下的西班牙和其他欧洲行为者的机构。殖民地彭萨科拉，佛罗里达提供了一个理想的舞台，以研究如何铁板一块的贸易政策与经济现实相交，但这种背景并不是唯一的。在世界各地，无论过去还是现在，个人、团体和机构都在全球市场和国家贸易政策中进行创新和即兴创作。了解这一过程在过去是如何发生的，可以更好地了解当地人如何在全球互联经济中驾驭他们的日常生活。Dadiego结合了档案研究，传统的人工制品分析，以及使用激光烧蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱法（LA-ICP-MS）和酸溶解对玻璃珠和铅粒进行的化学成分和同位素分析，以研究殖民地和当地人在破坏或促进殖民地经济制度方面所发挥的作用。玻璃珠在殖民地时期的遗址上随处可见，是欧洲人的常见贸易物品，最重要的是，在土著人的思想世界中，它是充满社会色彩的物品。铅弹同样无处不在;然而，它被认为是一种普通的功能性物品。虽然从遗址中广泛回收，但铅弹和单色玻璃珠缺乏诊断性的物理或风格特征，这将有助于解释生产，分布和使用模式。方法技术的创新，包括LA-ICP-MS，允许使用以前被忽视的人工制品类别来跟踪货物在整个景观中的分布。这些化学方法与对历史文献的仔细研究相结合，提供了货物如何在殖民地和土著社区之间流动的证据，突出了定居者和土著人之间经济机构的重要性，即使这些做法挑战了重商主义和殖民政府法规的理想化模式。上述数据集的组合将提供西班牙如何反应或与根据西班牙贸易法规被视为非法的土著交换系统互动的证据。传统的考古学方法将西班牙经济体系等同于佛罗里达殖民经济的主导力量，以及将地方或经济机构归入非法或非正式机构。此外，确定化学配方和识别成分组，以阐明人们在殖民期间做出的经济选择，是一种新的方法，才刚刚开始获得动力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

Danielle L. Dadiego, of the University of California, Santa Cruz, will undertake research to study the effectiveness of Spanish economic institutions in a borderland region. Recent studies have illuminated the diverse actions that native groups enacted in response to Spanish colonialism ranging from allying with the Spanish for military support to cleaving out a wedge in the market economy. Current work has considered issues of transculturation, indigenous agency, persistence, and autonomy; however, these examinations focus on the scale of the household or local economy, and neither place native agents within a larger economic network, nor do they consider the agency of Spanish and other European actors in the context of a colonial economy. Colonial Pensacola, Florida provides an ideal stage to examine how monolithic trade policies intersect with economic reality, but this context is not unique. All over the world, past and present, individuals, groups, and institutions innovate and improvise within and against the global market and national trade policies. Understanding how this process played out in the past can lead to a better understanding of how people in local contexts navigate their daily lives within a globally connected economy.Danielle L. Dadiego combines archival research, traditional artifact analysis, and chemical composition and isotopic analysis of glass beads and lead shot using Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and acid dissolution to study the role that both colonial and native people played in disrupting or contributing to colonial economic institutions. Glass beads are ubiquitous on colonial period sites, common trade items for Europeans, and, most importantly, socially charged items within native thought-worlds. Lead shot is equally ubiquitous; however, it is considered a mundanely functional item. Although broadly recovered from sites, lead shot and monochrome glass beads lack diagnostic physical or stylistic characteristics that would facilitate interpretations of production, distribution, and use patterns. Innovations in methodological techniques, including LA-ICP-MS, allow the use of formerly ignored artifact categories to trace the distribution of goods across the landscape. These chemical methods are used in conjunction with a close examination of historical documents to provide evidence of how goods moved through colonial and indigenous communities, foregrounding the importance of economic agency among settlers and natives, even when these practices challenged idealized models of mercantilism and colonial government regulations. The combination of the datasets described above will provide evidence of how the Spanish reacted or interacted with indigenous exchange systems that were considered illicit based on Spanish trade regulations. Traditional archaeological approaches have equated the Spanish economic system as a dominant force in the colonial economy of Florida, as well as subsumed local or economic agency as illicit or informal. Moreover, determining chemical recipes and identifying compositional groups to illuminate economical choices people made during colonization is a new approach that only just begun to gain momentum.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.