Comprehensive Genomic Analysis of Salt-impacted Microbial Communities in their Environmental Context

环境背景下受盐影响的微生物群落的综合基因组分析

• 批准号: 0626526
• 负责人: Jillian Banfield
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-10-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0626526&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comprehensive; Genomic; Analysis; Salt; impacted

A Focus on Hypersaline Environments: Fresh water is a vital resource that will come under increasing pressure with population growth in the next century. Draw down of aquifers in response to over-utilization of groundwater can lead to salinity increases that threaten drinking water supplies and agriculture. Society will be seeking new ways in which to monitor and manage salt-impacted ecosystems. This significant challenge may be met, in part, by methods that rely upon a molecular level understanding of how microbial communities respond to changes in salt concentration. Abundant hypersaline microbial communities from Lake Tyrrell, Australia, will be extensively genomically characterized to generate information necessary for comprehensive identification of the molecular machinery of salt adaptation and for determination of the subtle ways in which this biogeochemical machinery varies along salt gradients.Salinization is acknowledged as one of the major problems facing agriculture. Large areas of the U.S., particularly parts of southern California and Arizona, are likely to be confronted by growing salinity problems in the coming decades. The situation is likely to be aggravated as our energy needs are increasingly met by agriculturally-based biofuel production in the form of sustainable crop derivatives such as bioethanol. Biochemical information may be used, for example, to design more salt tolerant organisms for microbial biofuel production or agriculture. The microbial genomic sequence data will form the core of a public involvement in science project designed to share the excitement of scientific discovery with the broadest possible participant group. The web-based project will be developed by an international team of scientists and educators. It will include virtual tours of the field site and sequencing facility and a web portal to allow participants to discover how DNA sequence can be used to learn about how microorganisms contribute to carbon cycling and uncover clues to the ways in which they adapt to their surroundings.

关注高盐环境：淡水是一种重要资源，随着下个世纪的人口增长，淡水将面临越来越大的压力。由于地下水过度利用而导致含水层的抽水可能导致盐度增加，从而威胁饮用水供应和农业。社会将寻求新的方法来监测和管理受盐影响的生态系统。这一重大挑战可以部分地通过依赖于分子水平了解微生物群落如何响应盐浓度变化的方法来解决。来自澳大利亚泰瑞尔湖的丰富的高盐微生物群落将被广泛地进行基因组表征，以产生全面鉴定盐适应分子机制和确定这种生物地球化学机制沿着盐梯度变化的微妙方式所需的信息。盐化被认为是农业面临的主要问题之一。美国大部分地区，特别是南加州和亚利桑那州的部分地区，可能在未来几十年面临日益严重的盐分问题。随着我们的能源需求越来越多地通过以农业为基础的生物燃料生产（以生物乙醇等可持续作物衍生物的形式）来满足，这种情况可能会加剧。例如，生化信息可用于设计用于微生物生物燃料生产或农业的更耐盐的生物体。微生物基因组序列数据将构成公众参与科学项目的核心，该项目旨在与尽可能广泛的参与者群体分享科学发现的兴奋。这个基于网络的项目将由一个由科学家和教育工作者组成的国际团队开发。它将包括对现场和测序设施的虚拟参观，以及一个门户网站，让参与者能够发现如何利用 DNA 序列来了解微生物如何促进碳循环，并揭示它们如何适应周围环境的线索。