Development of gas (vapor) separation hollow fibers based on green technology approach and new 3D woven design of membrane modules

有必要创建针对当前问题而设计的靶向薄膜。要求有一个完整的膜系统用于过滤和气体分离。尽管对数百种聚合物作为潜在的膜材料进行了积极的研究，但只有少数几种材料被商业化。膜用聚合物的严格选择不仅取决于膜的性能，还取决于聚合物的流变性、力学和化学性质以及经济上合理的可获得性。PMP在许多聚合物中具有特殊的地位，因为它满足上述要求。基于PMP的非对称中空纤维的传统生产工艺需要使用有害的溶剂和沉淀剂。本项目承担熔融纺丝技术在PMP膜生产中的应用。此外，关于PMP气体渗透性参数的公开数据也是有限的。近年来，人们对PMP作为膜材料的兴趣日益浓厚。在核准号15-03-03033的框架内，系统地研究了可渗透晶相对PMP气体分离性能的影响。PMP的理论和实验分析旨在确定晶相对气体分离性能的影响。该项目旨在通过无溶剂熔融纺丝工艺开发具有薄选择性层的新型PMP HF。为此，必须发展在选择层厚度上晶体取向不同的半晶态Hf中气体和蒸气输运理论的理论原理。氢氟酸的生产是使用两步法完成的。首先，通过熔融纺丝工艺生产取向纱。第二个工艺步骤包括Hf的退火、拉伸和银纹。因此，有必要对浸泡浴中的银纹进行详细的检查。特别令人感兴趣的是银纹对PMP HF的结构和渗透性的影响。这反过来又要求开发测量方法，用于测量气体(H2、O2、N2、CO2、CH4)、低分子碳氢化合物和从部分结晶PMP获得的单个HF和HF束中的蒸汽的渗透率。此外，还用织造的方法考察了3D膜的发展。3D膜的发展提供了一种新的、几乎可以按要求的任何形状的、易于伸缩的膜装置。TIPS RAS将侧重于膜性能的表征，并将定义熔融纺丝PMP HFs的框架和3D膜结构。ITA将考虑到对纤维的要求和3D膜的必要纺织结构来设计制造工艺。包括PMP HF熔体纺丝工艺的工艺开发、银纹工艺的设计和工艺开发。ITA采用了3D织造工艺来生产3D HF薄膜。

There is need for the creation of targeted membranes designed for current problems. It is required to have an integrated membrane system for filtration and gas separation. Despite the active study of hundreds of polymers as potential membrane material only a few materials are commercialized. The strict selection of polymers for membranes does not only depend on the membrane properties, but also on rheological, mechanical and chemical properties and economically reasonable availability of the polymer. PMP takes special place in a number of polymers as it meets the above noted requirements. Traditional manufacturing process of asymmetric hollow fibers (HF) based on PMP requires the use of harmful solvents and precipitants. The Project assumes the application of the melt-spinning technology for the PMP membrane production. Further, the published data on the parameters of gas permeability for PMP is limited. In recent years interest in PMP as a membrane material is intensified. The effect of permeable crystalline phase on the gas separation properties of PMP is systematically investigated in the framework of the grant RFBR No.15-03-03033. The theoretical and experimental analysis of PMP is aimed to determine the influence of the crystalline phase on the gas separation properties.The project aims at the development of innovative PMP HF with thin selective layer via a solvent free melt-spinning process. For this purpose, the theoretical principles of the transport theory of gases and vapors in semi-crystalline HF with different orientation of the crystallites over the thickness of the selective layer have to be developed. The production of the HF is done using a two-stage process. At first an oriented yarn will be produced via melt spinning process. The second process step includes annealing, drawing and crazing of the HF. Therefore, a detailed examination of the crazing in the immersion bath is necessary. Of particular interest are the effects of crazing on the structure and permeability of the PMP HF. This in turn requires the development of measurement methods for measuring the permeability of gases (H2, O2, N2, CO2, CH4), low molecular hydrocarbons and vapors in the individual HF and HF bundles obtained from a partially crystalline PMP. In addition, the development of 3D membranes is examined by weaving. The development of 3D membranes provides a new range of easily scalable membrane devices of almost any shape demanded. TIPS RAS will focus on the characterization of the membrane properties and will define the framework of the melt spun PMP HFs and the 3D Membrane structure. The ITA will design the manufacturing process taking into account the requirements placed on the fibers and the necessary textile structure of the 3D membranes. This includes the process development of melt spinning process for PMP HF, the design and process development of the crazing process. The 3D weaving process is adapted by ITA to enable production of 3D HF membranes.